Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India.
Department of Bio-Statistics and Data Management, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Jun;106(11):4115-4128. doi: 10.1007/s00253-022-11980-5. Epub 2022 May 21.
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer worldwide. Smokeless tobacco (SLT) has been well proven for its role in oral carcinogenesis due to the abundance of several carcinogens. However, the role of inhabitant microorganisms in the oral cavity of smokeless tobacco users has not yet been well explored in the context of OSCC. Therefore, the present investigation was conceived to analyze the oral bacteriome of smokeless tobacco users having OSCC (CP group). With the assistance of illumina-based sequencing of bacterial-specific V3 hypervariable region of 16S rDNA gene, 71,969 OTUs (operational taxonomic units) were categorized into 18 phyla and 166 genera. The overall analysis revealed that the oral bacteriome of the patients with OSCC, who were smokeless tobacco users, was significantly different compared to the healthy smokeless tobacco users (HTC group) and non-users (HI users). The appearance of 14 significantly abundant genera [FDR (false discovery rate) adjusted probability value of significance (p value) < 0.05] among the CP group showed the prevalence of tobacco-specific nitrosamines forming bacteria (Staphylococcus, Fusobacterium, and Campylobacter). The functional attributes of the oral bacteriome of the CP group can also be correlated with the genes involved in oncogenesis. This study is the first report on the oral bacteriome of Indian patients with OSCC who were chronic tobacco chewers. The results of the present study will pave the way to understand the influence of smokeless tobacco on the oral bacteriome of OSCC patients. KEY POINTS: • Oral bacteriome of OSCC patients differ from healthy smokeless tobacco (SLT) users and SLT non-users. • Smokeless tobacco influences the oral bacteriome of OSCC group. • Oral bacteriome specific diagnostics may be developed for pre-diagnosis of oral cancer.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是全球最常见的头颈部癌症。由于含有大量的多种致癌物质，无烟气溶胶（SLT）已被充分证明在口腔致癌作用中起作用。然而，在 OSCC 背景下，SLT 用户口腔中常驻微生物的作用尚未得到充分探索。因此，本研究旨在分析患有 OSCC 的 SLT 用户（CP 组）的口腔细菌组。借助 Illumina 基于细菌特异性 16S rDNA 基因 V3 高变区的测序，将 71969 个 OTUs（操作分类单元）分为 18 个门和 166 个属。总体分析表明，与健康 SLT 用户（HTC 组）和非使用者（HI 用户）相比，患有 OSCC 且使用 SLT 的患者的口腔细菌组存在显著差异。CP 组中 14 个显著丰富属的出现[FDR（假发现率）调整的显著性概率值（p 值）<0.05]表明了烟草特异性亚硝胺形成细菌（葡萄球菌，梭杆菌和弯曲杆菌）的流行。CP 组口腔细菌组的功能属性也与参与致癌作用的基因相关。这是第一项关于印度 OSCC 患者的口腔细菌组的研究，这些患者是慢性烟草咀嚼者。本研究的结果将为了解 SLT 对 OSCC 患者口腔细菌组的影响铺平道路。 要点： • OSCC 患者的口腔细菌组与健康的 SLT（无烟气溶胶）使用者和 SLT 非使用者不同。 • SLT 影响 OSCC 组的口腔细菌组。 • 可能开发口腔细菌组特异性诊断方法用于口腔癌的早期诊断。
