Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2022 Nov;30(11):1036-1044. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.04.005. Epub 2022 May 18.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading infectious cause of death worldwide. Reducing TB infections and TB-related deaths rests ultimately on stopping forward transmission from infectious to susceptible individuals. Critical to this effort is understanding how human host mobility shapes the transmission and dispersal of new or existing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Important questions remain unanswered. What kinds of mobility, over what temporal and spatial scales, facilitate TB transmission? How do human mobility patterns influence the dispersal of novel Mtb strains, including emergent drug-resistant strains? This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on mobility and TB epidemic dynamics, using examples from three topic areas, including inference of genetic and spatial clustering of infections, delineating source-sink dynamics, and mapping the dispersal of novel TB strains, to examine scientific questions and methodological issues within this topic. We also review new data sources for measuring human mobility, including mobile phone-associated movement data, and discuss important limitations on their use in TB epidemiology.
结核病（TB）仍然是全球主要的传染病死因。减少结核病感染和与结核病相关的死亡最终取决于阻止从传染性个体向易感染个体的正向传播。这一努力的关键是了解人类宿主的流动性如何塑造新型或现有结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）菌株的传播和扩散。仍有一些重要的问题尚未得到解答。什么样的流动性，在什么时间和空间尺度上，有助于结核病的传播？人类流动模式如何影响新型 Mtb 菌株的传播，包括新出现的耐药菌株？本综述总结了目前关于流动性和结核病流行动态的知识状况，从三个主题领域举例说明，包括感染的遗传和空间聚类推断、源汇动态描述以及新型结核菌株的传播，以检查这一主题中的科学问题和方法问题。我们还回顾了用于衡量人类流动性的新数据源，包括与移动电话相关的移动数据，并讨论了它们在结核病流行病学中的应用的重要限制。
