Song Cheng, Ma Jingbo, Li Guohui, Pan Haoyu, Zhu Yanfang, Jin Qing, Cai Yongping, Han Bangxing
College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China.
Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 May 6;13:850949. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.850949. eCollection 2022.
is the second biggest genus in the Orchidaceae family, some of which have both ornamental and therapeutic values. Alkaloids are a group of active chemicals found in plants. Dendrobine has emerged specific pharmacological and therapeutic properties. Although alkaloids have been isolated and identified since the 1930s, the composition of alkaloids and their biosynthesis pathways, including metabolic intermediates, alkaloid transporters, concrete genes involved in downstream pathways, and associated gene clusters, have remained unresolved scientific issues. This paper comprehensively reviews currently identified and tentative alkaloids from the aspect of biogenic pathways or metabolic genes uncovered based on the genome annotations. The biosynthesis pathways of each class of alkaloids are highlighted. Moreover, advances of the high-throughput sequencing technologies in the discovery of alkaloid pathways have been addressed. Applications of synthetic biology in large-scale production of alkaloids are also described. This would serve as the basis for further investigation into alkaloids.
是兰科第二大属，其中一些具有观赏和治疗价值。生物碱是植物中发现的一类活性化学物质。石斛碱具有特定的药理和治疗特性。尽管自20世纪30年代以来就已分离和鉴定出生物碱，但生物碱的组成及其生物合成途径，包括代谢中间体、生物碱转运体、下游途径中涉及的具体基因以及相关基因簇，仍然是未解决的科学问题。本文基于基因组注释，从生物合成途径或发现的代谢基因方面全面综述了目前已鉴定和暂定的生物碱。重点介绍了每类生物碱的生物合成途径。此外，还讨论了高通量测序技术在生物碱途径发现中的进展。还描述了合成生物学在生物碱大规模生产中的应用。这将为进一步研究生物碱奠定基础。
