Xu Fei, Dawson Chloe, Lamb Makenzie, Mueller Eva, Stefanek Evan, Akbari Mohsen, Hoare Todd
Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 May 5;10:849831. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.849831. eCollection 2022.
While the soft mechanics and tunable cell interactions facilitated by hydrogels have attracted significant interest in the development of functional hydrogel-based tissue engineering scaffolds, translating the many positive results observed in the lab into the clinic remains a slow process. In this review, we address the key design criteria in terms of the materials, crosslinkers, and fabrication techniques useful for fabricating translationally-relevant tissue engineering hydrogels, with particular attention to three emerging fabrication techniques that enable simultaneous scaffold fabrication and cell loading: 3D printing, tissue engineering, and cell electrospinning. In particular, we emphasize strategies for manufacturing tissue engineering hydrogels in which both macroporous scaffold fabrication and cell loading can be conducted in a single manufacturing step - electrospinning, 3D printing, and tissue engineering. We suggest that combining such integrated fabrication approaches with the lessons learned from previously successful translational experiences with other hydrogels represents a promising strategy to accelerate the implementation of hydrogels for tissue engineering in the clinic.
虽然水凝胶所具备的柔软力学性能和可调节的细胞相互作用在基于功能性水凝胶的组织工程支架开发中引起了极大关注，但将实验室中观察到的诸多积极成果转化到临床应用仍进展缓慢。在本综述中，我们从材料、交联剂和制造技术方面阐述了用于制备与转化相关的组织工程水凝胶的关键设计标准，特别关注三种新兴的制造技术，即能够同时进行支架制造和细胞接种的3D打印、组织工程和细胞静电纺丝。具体而言，我们着重介绍制造组织工程水凝胶的策略，其中大孔支架制造和细胞接种可在单个制造步骤中完成——静电纺丝、3D打印和组织工程。我们认为，将这种集成制造方法与从先前其他水凝胶成功转化经验中汲取的教训相结合，是加速水凝胶在临床组织工程中应用的一种有前景的策略。
