Abuelenain G L, Fahmy Z H, Elshennawy A M, Selim E H A, Elhakeem M, Hassanein K M A, Awad S M
Parasitology Lab, Department of Immunology and Drug Evaluation, TBRI, Giza, Egypt.
Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, ADU, UAE.
Helminthologia. 2022 May 4;59(1):37-45. doi: 10.2478/helm-2022-0005. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Trichinellosis is a nematode-causing disease distinguished by its continuous transmission in the carnivores and omnivores. Despite effective eradication of the enteral forms, conventional drugs fail to eliminate the migrating and muscle ones. Over the past years, researchers intensified the work on herbal medicines as alternatives or aids to albendazole, the reference drug. This research hypothesizes that the therapeutic agent absorption route could be an evidence-based carrier molecule or auxiliary drug to albendazole. Accordingly, this study was designed to investigate mainly the phenotypic changes induced by a mono-treatment of albendazole, (garden cress), and (myrrh). Incredibly, no data were reported on the morphological alterations of larvae treated by any of these drugs. The experimental design tested various concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml) of each herbal medicine for the lethal effects on the parasite forms for a day (1, 12, and 24h). The data showed that the highest significant mortality rate of the parasite forms was in favor of the concentration 200 μg/ml of both plant extracts in a time-dependent manner. Therefore, albendazole at 200 μg/ml dose was tested in parallel, and all experimental groups were compared to non-treated muscle larvae and worms. Albendazole-treated worms accounted for the least significant () survival rate (2 %), followed by myrrh (5 %), and the adverse was valid for the survival rate of the muscle larvae at that time. None of the larvae/worms was alive after 24 hours of incubation with the 200μg/ml of either treatment. The scanning electron microscope investigation of the experimental groups provided a shred of evidence for different routes of taking up the candidate drugs by the parasite. In conclusion, the results of the previous work and current study recommend myrrh over garden cress as a complementary agent of albendazole.
旋毛虫病是一种由线虫引起的疾病，其特点是在食肉动物和杂食动物中持续传播。尽管肠道型旋毛虫已被有效根除，但传统药物无法清除迁移型和肌肉型旋毛虫。在过去几年中，研究人员加强了对草药的研究，将其作为阿苯达唑（参考药物）的替代品或辅助药物。本研究假设治疗剂的吸收途径可能是一种基于证据的载体分子或阿苯达唑的辅助药物。因此，本研究主要旨在调查阿苯达唑、水芹和没药单药治疗引起的表型变化。令人惊讶的是，没有关于这些药物中任何一种处理过的旋毛虫幼虫形态改变的报道。实验设计测试了每种草药的各种浓度（25、50、100和200μg/ml）对寄生虫形态在一天内（1、12和24小时）的致死作用。数据显示，两种植物提取物浓度为200μg/ml时，寄生虫形态的最高显著死亡率呈时间依赖性。因此，同时测试了200μg/ml剂量的阿苯达唑，并将所有实验组与未处理的肌肉幼虫和虫体进行比较。阿苯达唑处理的虫体存活率最低（2%），其次是没药（5%），当时肌肉幼虫的存活率情况则相反。用200μg/ml的任何一种处理孵育24小时后，没有幼虫/虫体存活。实验组的扫描电子显微镜研究为寄生虫摄取候选药物的不同途径提供了证据。总之，先前工作和本研究的结果推荐没药而非水芹作为阿苯达唑的补充剂。
