Chen Pei, Liu Yushan, Liu Wenjing, Wang Yarong, Liu Ziyi, Rong Mingdeng
Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 May 10;9:842800. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.842800. eCollection 2022.
Reaching areas at altitudes over 2,500-3,000 m above sea level has become increasingly common due to commerce, military deployment, tourism, and entertainment. The high-altitude environment exerts systemic effects on humans that represent a series of compensatory reactions and affects the activity of bone cells. Cellular structures closely related to oxygen-sensing produce corresponding functional changes, resulting in decreased tissue vascularization, declined repair ability of bone defects, and longer healing time. This review focuses on the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on bone defect repair and discusses the possible mechanisms related to ion channels, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and epigenetics. Based on the key pathogenic mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies have also been suggested. This review contributes novel insights into the mechanisms of abnormal bone defect repair in hypoxic environments, along with therapeutic applications. We aim to provide a foundation for future targeted, personalized, and precise bone regeneration therapies according to the adaptation of patients to high altitudes.
由于商业、军事部署、旅游和娱乐等原因，到达海拔2500 - 3000米以上地区的情况越来越普遍。高海拔环境对人体产生全身性影响，表现为一系列代偿反应，并影响骨细胞的活性。与氧感知密切相关的细胞结构会产生相应的功能变化，导致组织血管化减少、骨缺损修复能力下降以及愈合时间延长。本综述重点关注高海拔缺氧对骨缺损修复的影响，并讨论与离子通道、活性氧产生、线粒体功能、自噬和表观遗传学相关的可能机制。基于关键致病机制，还提出了潜在的治疗策略。本综述为缺氧环境下骨缺损修复异常的机制以及治疗应用提供了新的见解。我们旨在根据患者对高海拔的适应情况，为未来有针对性、个性化和精确的骨再生治疗提供基础。
