Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Trends Mol Med. 2022 Aug;28(8):681-692. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.05.003. Epub 2022 May 24.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are actively shed into the circulation from both cancer and host cells. EVs are emerging as one of the diagnostic frontrunners for early cancer detection, disease monitoring, and treatment evaluation. The advantages of EVs rely on the fact that vesicles are being shed by dividing tumor cells, with indications that human and viral oncogenes, cellular metabolic rate, and tumor characteristics such as pH and hypoxia contribute to the high shed rates in cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of EVs and the rationale for using them for early cancer detection. We examine emerging technologies for single EV analysis (sEVA) and why these technologies will be necessary for early cancer detection.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 从癌细胞和宿主细胞主动分泌到循环系统中。EVs 作为早期癌症检测、疾病监测和治疗评估的诊断领跑者之一正在出现。EVs 的优势在于囊泡是由分裂的肿瘤细胞分泌的，有迹象表明人类和病毒致癌基因、细胞代谢率以及肿瘤特征，如 pH 值和缺氧，有助于提高癌症中的分泌率。在这篇综述中，我们提供了 EVs 的概述以及将其用于早期癌症检测的基本原理。我们研究了用于单个 EV 分析 (sEVA) 的新兴技术，以及为什么这些技术对于早期癌症检测是必要的。
