Fuchs Hans U, D'Anna Michele, Corni Federico
Center for Narrative in Science, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland.
Faculty of Education, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39042 Bressanone, Italy.
Entropy (Basel). 2022 May 4;24(5):646. doi: 10.3390/e24050646.
We discuss how to construct a direct and experientially natural path to entropy as a extensive quantity of a macroscopic theory of thermal systems and processes. The scientific aspects of this approach are based upon continuum thermodynamics. We ask what the roots of an experientially natural approach might be-to this end we investigate and describe in some detail (a) how humans experience and conceptualize an extensive thermal quantity (i.e., an amount of heat), and (b) how this concept evolved during the early development of the science of thermal phenomena (beginning with the Experimenters of the Accademia del Cimento and ending with Sadi Carnot). We show that a direct approach to entropy, as the extensive quantity of models of thermal systems and processes, is possible and how it can be applied to the teaching of thermodynamics for various audiences.
我们讨论了如何构建一条直接且基于经验自然的通往熵的路径，熵是热系统和热过程宏观理论中的一个广延量。这种方法的科学依据基于连续介质热力学。我们探究经验自然方法的根源可能是什么——为此，我们详细研究并描述：(a) 人类如何体验和概念化一个广延热学量（即热量），以及 (b) 这个概念在热现象科学的早期发展过程中（从西芒托科学院的实验者开始，到萨迪·卡诺结束）是如何演变的。我们表明，将熵作为热系统和热过程模型的广延量进行直接研究是可行的，以及如何将其应用于面向不同受众的热力学教学中。
