Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
Centre for Ergonomics and Human Factors, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 20;19(10):6230. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19106230.
Due to COVID-19 pandemic, many employees were forced to suddenly shift to working from home (WFH). How this disruption of work affected employees' work ability is not known. In this study, we investigated the developmental profiles of work ability among Finnish higher education employees in a one-year follow-up during the enforced WFH. Secondly, we investigated demographic, organizational, and ergonomic factors associated with the developmental profiles. A longitudinal web-survey was conducted with four measurement points (April 2020-February 2021). Employees of a Finnish university who answered the questionnaire at baseline and at least at two follow-up surveys ( = 678) were included (71% women, 45% teachers/research staff, 44% supporting staff, 11% hired students). Perceived work ability was measured on a scale of 1-5 in all timepoints. Latent class growth curve analysis was used to identify profiles of work ability. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the associations of demographic factors, perceived stress, musculoskeletal pain, functionality of home for work, and organizational support with the work ability profiles. Six distinct work ability profiles were identified. For most (75%), work ability remained stable during the follow-up. A total of 17% had a favourable trend (very good-stable or increasing) of work ability, and 8% had non-favourable (poor-stable or decreasing). Poor ergonomics at home, low organizational support, high stress, and musculoskeletal pain were associated with non-favourable development of work ability. Heterogeneity in development of work ability during forced WFH was found. Several factors were identified through which work ability can be supported.
由于 COVID-19 大流行，许多员工被迫突然转为居家办公（WFH）。这种工作中断对员工工作能力的影响尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们在强制 WFH 的一年随访中，调查了芬兰高等教育员工工作能力的发展情况。其次，我们调查了与发展概况相关的人口统计学、组织和人体工程学因素。 我们进行了一项纵向网络调查，共进行了四个测量点（2020 年 4 月至 2021 年 2 月）。在基线和至少两个随访调查中回答问卷的芬兰一所大学的员工（=678）被纳入研究（71%女性，45%教师/研究人员，44%支持人员，11%雇佣学生）。在所有时间点，工作能力均使用 1-5 的量表进行测量。潜在类别增长曲线分析用于识别工作能力的概况。多项逻辑回归用于确定人口统计学因素、感知压力、肌肉骨骼疼痛、家庭工作功能和组织支持与工作能力概况的关联。 确定了六个不同的工作能力概况。对于大多数人（75%），工作能力在随访期间保持稳定。共有 17%的人工作能力呈有利趋势（非常好-稳定或增加），8%的人工作能力呈不利趋势（较差-稳定或下降）。家庭人体工程学不佳、组织支持不足、压力大以及肌肉骨骼疼痛与工作能力的不利发展有关。 在强制 WFH 期间发现工作能力的发展存在异质性。通过这些因素可以支持工作能力。
