Swora Ernest, Boberska Monika, Kulis Ewa, Knoll Nina, Keller Jan, Luszczynska Aleksandra
Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 53238 Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
J Clin Med. 2022 May 11;11(10):2719. doi: 10.3390/jcm11102719.
Existing reviews provided evidence for the associations between higher physical activity (PA) and lower negative symptoms of psychosis among people with schizophrenia. This meta-analysis goes beyond existing syntheses and investigates associations between PA, positive and negative symptoms of psychosis, as well as symptoms of general psychopathology (referring mostly to cognitive functioning) among people with schizophrenia, but also other psychotic disorders. The moderating roles of the type of diagnosis and the type of exercise intervention were explored.
The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018118236). Six electronic databases were searched; = 27 experimental and observational studies were included, and psychotic symptoms-related data were recorded in one direction (higher values indicate better mental health and lower symptomatology).
Higher levels of PA (or participating in PA interventions) were associated with better mental health, that is, lower levels of positive symptoms (all studies: = 0.170; experimental studies: = 0.677), negative symptoms (all studies: = 0.214; experimental studies: = 0.838), and general psychopathology (all studies: = 0.451; experimental studies: = 1.511). The type of diagnosis (schizophrenia vs. other psychotic disorders) did not moderate these associations.
We found a consistent pattern of associations between higher levels of PA and lower positive, negative, and general psychopathology symptoms in people with schizophrenia and those with other psychotic disorders.
现有综述为精神分裂症患者中较高的身体活动水平（PA）与较低的精神病阴性症状之间的关联提供了证据。本荟萃分析超越了现有综合研究，调查了精神分裂症患者以及其他精神病性障碍患者的PA与精神病的阳性和阴性症状以及一般精神病理学症状（主要指认知功能）之间的关联。探讨了诊断类型和运动干预类型的调节作用。
该研究已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO，注册号：CRD42018118236）登记。检索了六个电子数据库；纳入了27项实验性和观察性研究，并以一个方向记录了与精神病症状相关的数据（数值越高表明心理健康状况越好，症状越少）。
较高水平的PA（或参与PA干预）与更好的心理健康状况相关，即较低水平的阳性症状（所有研究：标准化均值差[SMD]=0.170；实验性研究：SMD=0.677）、阴性症状（所有研究：SMD=0.214；实验性研究：SMD=0.838）和一般精神病理学症状（所有研究：SMD=0.451；实验性研究：SMD=1.511）。诊断类型（精神分裂症与其他精神病性障碍）并未调节这些关联。
我们发现，在精神分裂症患者和其他精神病性障碍患者中，较高水平的PA与较低的阳性、阴性和一般精神病理学症状之间存在一致的关联模式。
