ciTechCare-Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal.
Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
Nutrients. 2022 May 12;14(10):2032. doi: 10.3390/nu14102032.
The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is recommended for assessing abnormalities in glucose homeostasis. Recognised as the gold standard test for diagnosing diabetes, the OGTT provides useful information about glucose tolerance. However, it does not replicate the process of absorption and digestion of complex foods, such as that which occurs with a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT), an alternative that is still not well explored in the diagnosis of metabolic alterations. The MMTT could be an asset in detecting glucose homeostasis disorders, including diabetes since it has more similarities to the common dietary pattern, allowing early detection of subtle changes in metabolic homeostasis in response to combined nutrients. This alternative has the advantage of being more tolerable and pleasant to patients since it induces a more gradual increase in blood glucose, thus reducing the risk of rebound hypoglycemia and other related complications. The present article reviewed the clinical data available regarding the possibility of screening or diagnosing altered glucose homeostasis, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the MMTT.
口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）被推荐用于评估葡萄糖稳态的异常。OGTT 被认为是诊断糖尿病的金标准试验，它提供了有关葡萄糖耐量的有用信息。然而，它不能复制复杂食物的吸收和消化过程，例如混合餐耐量试验（MMTT），MMTT 作为一种替代方法，在代谢改变的诊断中仍未得到充分探索。MMTT 可能是检测葡萄糖稳态紊乱（包括糖尿病）的一个优势，因为它与常见的饮食模式更相似，允许早期检测到代谢稳态对联合营养素的细微变化。这种替代方法的优点是对患者更耐受和更舒适，因为它使血糖更缓慢地升高，从而降低了低血糖反弹和其他相关并发症的风险。本文综述了关于使用 MMTT 筛查或诊断葡萄糖稳态改变（包括 2 型糖尿病）的临床数据。
