Han Fei, Li Tian, Li Mengmeng, Zhang Bingjun, Wang Yufeng, Zhu Yufang, Wu Chengtie
State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China.
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
Bioact Mater. 2022 May 18;20:29-40. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.030. eCollection 2023 Feb.
Tendon-bone healing is essential for an effective rotator cuff tendon repair surgery, however, this remains a significant challenge due to the lack of biomaterials with high strength and bioactivity. Inspired by the high-performance exoskeleton of natural organisms, we set out to apply natural fish scale (FS) modified by calcium silicate nanoparticles (CS NPs) as a new biomaterial (CS-FS) to overcome the challenge. Benefit from its "Bouligand" microstructure, such FS-based scaffold maintained excellent tensile strength (125.05 MPa) and toughness (14.16 MJ/m), which are 1.93 and 2.72 times that of natural tendon respectively, allowing it to well meet the requirements for rotator cuff tendon repair. Additionally, CS-FS showed diverse bioactivities by stimulating the differentiation and phenotypic maintenance of multiple types of cells participated into the composition of tendon-bone junction, (e.g. bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), chondrocyte, and tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs)). In both rat and rabbit rotator cuff tear (RCT) models, CS-FS played a key role in the tendon-bone interface regeneration and biomechanical function, which may be achieved by activating BMP-2/Smad/Runx2 pathway in BMSCs. Therefore, natural fish scale -based biomaterials are the promising candidate for clinical tendon repair due to their outstanding strength and bioactivity.
肌腱-骨愈合对于有效的肩袖肌腱修复手术至关重要，然而，由于缺乏具有高强度和生物活性的生物材料，这仍然是一个重大挑战。受天然生物高性能外骨骼的启发，我们着手将经硅酸钙纳米颗粒（CS NPs）改性的天然鱼鳞（FS）作为一种新型生物材料（CS-FS）来克服这一挑战。得益于其“布氏”微观结构，这种基于FS的支架保持了出色的拉伸强度（125.05MPa）和韧性（14.16MJ/m），分别是天然肌腱的1.93倍和2.72倍，使其能够很好地满足肩袖肌腱修复的要求。此外，CS-FS通过刺激参与肌腱-骨连接组成的多种类型细胞（如骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）、软骨细胞和肌腱干/祖细胞（TSPCs））的分化和表型维持，表现出多种生物活性。在大鼠和兔肩袖撕裂（RCT）模型中，CS-FS在肌腱-骨界面再生和生物力学功能中发挥了关键作用，这可能是通过激活BMSCs中的BMP-2/Smad/Runx2途径实现的。因此，基于天然鱼鳞的生物材料因其出色的强度和生物活性，是临床肌腱修复的有前途的候选材料。
