Song Shaojie, Lin Haiyang, Sherman Peter, Yang Xi, Chen Shi, Lu Xi, Lu Tianguang, Chen Xinyu, McElroy Michael B
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
iScience. 2022 May 13;25(6):104399. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104399. eCollection 2022 Jun 17.
The paper explores options for a 2050 carbon free energy future for India. Onshore wind and solar sources are projected as the dominant primary contributions to this objective. The analysis envisages an important role for so-called green hydrogen produced by electrolysis fueled by these carbon free energy sources. This hydrogen source can be used to accommodate for the intrinsic variability of wind and solar complementing opportunities for storage of power by batteries and pumped hydro. The green source of hydrogen can be used also to supplant current industrial uses of gray hydrogen produced in the Indian context largely from natural gas with important related emissions of CO. The paper explores further options for use of green hydrogen to lower emissions from otherwise difficult to abate sectors of both industry and transport. The analysis is applied to identify the least cost options to meet India's zero carbon future.
本文探讨了印度在2050年实现无碳能源未来的多种选择。陆上风能和太阳能被预计将成为实现这一目标的主要主要贡献能源。该分析设想了由这些无碳能源通过电解产生的所谓绿色氢气将发挥重要作用。这种氢源可用于应对风能和太阳能的固有变化性，补充电池和抽水蓄能的电力存储机会。绿色氢源还可用于替代印度目前主要从天然气生产的灰色氢在工业中的使用，以及相关的重要一氧化碳排放。本文进一步探讨了使用绿色氢来降低工业和交通等难以减排部门的排放的更多选择。该分析用于确定实现印度零碳未来的最低成本方案。
