Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2022 Sep 15;212:114386. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114386. Epub 2022 May 17.
The ability to detect glucose concentrations in human urine offers a non-invasive approach to monitor changes in blood glucose, kidney health and vascular complications associated with diabetes. We show the potential of employing catalytically active nanoparticles directly grown on textiles to produce a dose-dependent colorimetric sensor for glucose. We use a galvanic replacement (GR) reaction for the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles. Here, Cu nanoparticles act as a sacrificial template that undergoes a spontaneous electroless GR reaction when exposed to metal ions of gold, silver, platinum, and palladium to form bimetallic Cu-M nanoparticles (M = Au, Ag, Pt, or Pd). The evaluation of their intrinsic peroxidase-mimicking catalytic activity ("nanozyme") in comparison to that of the Cu nanozyme revealed that the bimetallic systems show a higher catalytic rate with the Cu-Pt nanozyme showing the highest catalytic efficiency. This property of the Cu-Pt nanozyme was then utilized to detect glucose in human urine using the glucose oxidase enzyme as a molecular recognition element. A key outcome of our study is the ability to detect urine glucose without requiring sample dilution which is an advantage over the gold standard GOx-POx method and significantly more reliable performance over commercial urine glucose dipsticks. The difference in the intensity of the colorimetric response between different glucose concentrations further allowed this sensor system to be combined with digital imaging tools for multivariate analysis.
能够检测人体尿液中的葡萄糖浓度提供了一种非侵入性的方法来监测血糖、肾脏健康和与糖尿病相关的血管并发症的变化。我们展示了直接在纺织品上生长的催化活性纳米粒子用于产生葡萄糖剂量依赖性比色传感器的潜力。我们使用电置换（GR）反应合成双金属纳米粒子。在这里，Cu 纳米粒子充当牺牲模板，当暴露于金、银、铂和钯的金属离子时，会发生自发的无电 GR 反应，形成双金属 Cu-M 纳米粒子（M = Au、Ag、Pt 或 Pd）。将它们的内在过氧化物酶模拟催化活性（“纳米酶”）与 Cu 纳米酶进行比较评估表明，双金属体系具有更高的催化速率，其中 Cu-Pt 纳米酶具有最高的催化效率。然后，利用 Cu-Pt 纳米酶的这种特性，使用葡萄糖氧化酶作为分子识别元件来检测人体尿液中的葡萄糖。我们研究的一个关键结果是能够在不要求样品稀释的情况下检测尿液中的葡萄糖，这是优于金标准 GOx-POx 方法的优势，并且在性能上明显优于商业尿液葡萄糖试条。不同葡萄糖浓度之间比色响应强度的差异进一步使得该传感器系统能够与数字成像工具结合进行多元分析。
