Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China; College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
Plant Commun. 2022 Sep 12;3(5):100332. doi: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100332. Epub 2022 May 5.
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is one of the most important root crops cultivated worldwide. Because of its adaptability, high yield potential, and nutritional value, sweetpotato has become an important food crop, particularly in developing countries. To ensure adequate crop yields to meet increasing demand, it is essential to enhance the tolerance of sweetpotato to environmental stresses and other yield-limiting factors. The highly heterozygous hexaploid genome of I. batatas complicates genetic studies and limits improvement of sweetpotato through traditional breeding. However, application of next-generation sequencing and high-throughput genotyping and phenotyping technologies to sweetpotato genetics and genomics research has provided new tools and resources for crop improvement. In this review, we discuss the genomics resources that are available for sweetpotato, including the current reference genome, databases, and available bioinformatics tools. We systematically review the current state of knowledge on the polyploid genetics of sweetpotato, including studies of its origin and germplasm diversity and the associated mapping of important agricultural traits. We then outline the conventional and molecular breeding approaches that have been applied to sweetpotato. Finally, we discuss future goals for genetic studies of sweetpotato and crop improvement via breeding in combination with state-of-the-art multi-omics approaches such as genomic selection and gene editing. These approaches will advance and accelerate genetic improvement of this important root crop and facilitate its sustainable global production.
甘薯（Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.）是世界上最重要的块根作物之一。由于其适应性强、产量潜力高和营养价值高，甘薯已成为一种重要的粮食作物，特别是在发展中国家。为了确保有足够的作物产量来满足不断增长的需求，提高甘薯对环境胁迫和其他产量限制因素的耐受性至关重要。I. batatas 的高度杂合六倍体基因组使遗传研究变得复杂，并限制了通过传统育种来改良甘薯。然而，将下一代测序和高通量基因分型和表型技术应用于甘薯遗传学和基因组学研究，为作物改良提供了新的工具和资源。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了可用于甘薯的基因组学资源，包括当前的参考基因组、数据库和可用的生物信息学工具。我们系统地回顾了甘薯多倍体遗传学的现有知识状态，包括其起源和种质多样性的研究以及与重要农业性状相关的图谱。然后，我们概述了已应用于甘薯的常规和分子育种方法。最后，我们讨论了通过与基因组选择和基因编辑等最先进的多组学方法相结合的育种来进行甘薯遗传研究和作物改良的未来目标。这些方法将推进和加速对这种重要块根作物的遗传改良，并促进其在全球的可持续生产。
