Garritsen Heike H, Vermeulen Jentien M, Rozema Andrea D, van Lonkhuijzen Luc R C W, Kunst Anton E
Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Tob Prev Cessat. 2022 May 20;8:20. doi: 10.18332/tpc/149476. eCollection 2022.
Studies on the impact of smoke-free policies (SFPs) on hospitals grounds on on-site smoking are scarce. On 1 October 2019, an SFP was implemented on the grounds of the Amsterdam UMC hospital in the Netherlands, including measures for sustained enforcement. This study assessed the impact of this SFP on smoking prevalence on hospital grounds up to 18 months after implementation.
Observations were systematically conducted 7 weeks before and after the SFP was implemented, and at 5 and 18 months afterwards. A total of 32 sites were included in the study, divided over two hospital locations. On each site, the number of smokers was systematically observed and categorized into staff, patient, student, or visitor. Smoking prevalence on hospital grounds was calculated by the number of observed smokers as a proportion of all people observed. Bubble maps were created to visualize changes in the geographical distribution of smokers.
Smoking prevalence on hospital grounds decreased significantly from 17.4% before to 3.3% after implementation of the SFP. Following implementation, the largest decrease was observed in smoking among staff (-96.7%) and patients (-92.3%). The decrease in smoking prevalence was sustained 18 months after implementation (5.0%). The number of smokers decreased on nearly all sites.
The substantial and sustained decrease in smoking prevalence found in this study highlights the potential of SFPs on hospital grounds to protect people from exposure to (secondhand) smoking. Continued enforcement of these SFPs seems essential to ensure ongoing compliance.
关于无烟政策（SFPs）对医院内现场吸烟影响的研究很少。2019年10月1日，荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学医学中心（Amsterdam UMC）医院实施了一项无烟政策，包括持续执行的措施。本研究评估了该无烟政策在实施后长达18个月内对医院内吸烟率的影响。
在无烟政策实施前7周和实施后，以及之后的5个月和18个月进行了系统观察。该研究共纳入32个地点，分布在两个医院院区。在每个地点，系统观察吸烟者数量，并将其分为工作人员、患者、学生或访客。医院内的吸烟率通过观察到的吸烟者数量占所有观察到的人数的比例来计算。创建气泡图以直观显示吸烟者地理分布的变化。
医院内的吸烟率从实施无烟政策前的17.4%显著降至实施后的3.3%。实施后，工作人员（-96.7%）和患者（-92.3%）的吸烟率下降幅度最大。实施18个月后，吸烟率持续下降（5.0%）。几乎所有地点的吸烟者数量都有所减少。
本研究中发现的吸烟率大幅持续下降凸显了医院内无烟政策在保护人们免受（二手）烟暴露方面的潜力。持续执行这些无烟政策似乎对于确保持续合规至关重要。
