Shinkai Ryosuke, Ando Shintaro, Nonaka Yuki, Kizuka Tomohiro, Ono Seiji
Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Front Sports Act Living. 2022 May 17;4:897373. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.897373. eCollection 2022.
The purpose of this study was to clarify the properties of visual strategies for gaze, eye, and head movements in skilled table tennis players during rallies. Collegiate expert and semi-expert table tennis players conducted forehand rallies at a constant tempo using a metronome. Two tempo conditions were used in the order of 130 and 150 bpm. Participants conducted a 20-stroke rally under each tempo condition. Horizontal and vertical angles between the gaze point and ball positions at the time the ball bounced (gaze-ball angle) were analyzed with the image that was recorded by an eye tracking device equipped with Gyro sensor. Eye and head movements during rallies were also recorded with the eye tracking device and Gyro sensor, respectively. The results showed that the gaze-ball angle of expert players was significantly larger than that of semi-expert players. This result indicates that expert players tended to keep their gaze position on the ball shorter than semi-expert players. We also found that eye movements of expert players were significantly smaller than that of semi-expert players. Furthermore, as the result of multiple regression analysis, the effect of eye movements on the gaze-ball angle was significantly higher than that of head movements. This result indicates that the gaze-ball angle during table tennis rallies could be associated with eye movements rather than head movements. Our findings suggest that the visual strategies used during table tennis rallies are different between expert and semi-expert players, even though they both have more than 10 years of experience.
本研究的目的是阐明熟练乒乓球运动员在对拉过程中注视、眼睛和头部运动的视觉策略特性。大学专家级和半专家级乒乓球运动员使用节拍器以恒定节奏进行正手对拉。按130和150bpm的顺序使用了两种节奏条件。参与者在每种节奏条件下进行20板的对拉。利用配备了陀螺仪传感器的眼动追踪设备记录的图像，分析了球反弹时注视点与球位置之间的水平和垂直角度（注视-球角度）。对拉过程中的眼睛和头部运动也分别用眼动追踪设备和陀螺仪传感器进行了记录。结果显示，专家级运动员的注视-球角度显著大于半专家级运动员。这一结果表明，专家级运动员注视球位置的时间往往比半专家级运动员短。我们还发现，专家级运动员的眼睛运动明显小于半专家级运动员。此外，多元回归分析结果表明，眼睛运动对注视-球角度的影响显著高于头部运动。这一结果表明，乒乓球对拉过程中的注视-球角度可能与眼睛运动而非头部运动有关。我们的研究结果表明，尽管专家级和半专家级运动员都有超过10年的经验，但他们在乒乓球对拉过程中使用的视觉策略有所不同。
