Nosten François, Richard-Lenoble Dominique, Danis Martin
Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research building, University of Oxford Old Road campus, Oxford, United Kingdom; Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand.
Professeur émérite des Universités - CHR de Tours, Parasitologie-Médecine tropicale. Membre de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine.
Presse Med. 2022 Sep;51(3):104130. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2022.104130. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
For millions of years, invertebrates and malaria parasites have coexisted and to date, malaria remains the most important human parasitic disease. This co-evolution had profound impacts on the movements of early hominids and on the genome of modern humans. Over the past two centuries, progress has been made with the discovery of the parasite, its transmission, and medicines, paving the way to the control of the disease and its elimination in some countries. However, the Plasmodium parasite is a formidable foe capable of developing resistance to drugs, and the mosquito vector has adapted to insecticides, foiling all attempts to eradicate the disease. Over recent years the economic and social costs of malaria have been recognized and more funds have been mobilized than ever before, however further efforts are needed. National programs, international institutions and researchers will need to do better if the preventable deaths of hundreds of thousands of mostly African children are to be averted.
数百万年来，无脊椎动物与疟原虫一直共存，直至今日，疟疾仍是最重要的人类寄生虫病。这种共同进化对早期人类的迁徙以及现代人类的基因组产生了深远影响。在过去两个世纪里，随着寄生虫的发现、其传播方式以及药物的发现取得了进展，为疾病控制及在一些国家消除疟疾铺平了道路。然而，疟原虫是一种强大的对手，能够产生抗药性，而且蚊子媒介已适应了杀虫剂，挫败了所有根除该疾病的努力。近年来，疟疾的经济和社会成本已得到认识，并且比以往任何时候都动员了更多资金，然而仍需进一步努力。如果要避免数十万主要是非洲儿童的可预防死亡，国家项目、国际机构和研究人员将需要做得更好。
