Ganier Clarisse, Rognoni Emanuel, Goss Georgina, Lynch Magnus, Watt Fiona M
Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2022 Jun 6;14(6). doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041238.
Fibroblasts are the main cell type in the dermis. They are responsible for the synthesis and deposition of structural proteins such as collagen and elastin, which are integrated into the extracellular matrix (ECM). Mouse and human studies using flow cytometry, cell culture, skin reconstitution, and lineage tracing experiments have shown the existence of different subpopulations of fibroblasts, including papillary fibroblasts, reticular fibroblasts, and fibroblasts comprising the dermal papilla at the base of the hair follicle. In recent years, the technological advances in single-cell sequencing have allowed researchers to study the repertoire of cells present in full-thickness skin including the dermis. Multiple groups have confirmed that distinct fibroblast populations can be identified in mouse and human dermis on the basis of differences in the transcriptional profile. Here, we discuss the current state of knowledge regarding dermal fibroblast heterogeneity in healthy mouse and human skin, highlighting the similarities and differences between mouse and human fibroblast subpopulations. We also discuss how fibroblast heterogeneity may provide insights into physiological wound healing and its dysfunction in pathological states such as hypertrophic and keloid scars.
成纤维细胞是真皮中的主要细胞类型。它们负责合成和沉积诸如胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白等结构蛋白，这些蛋白整合到细胞外基质（ECM）中。使用流式细胞术、细胞培养、皮肤重建和谱系追踪实验的小鼠和人类研究表明，存在不同亚群的成纤维细胞，包括乳头层成纤维细胞、网状成纤维细胞以及构成毛囊底部真皮乳头的成纤维细胞。近年来，单细胞测序技术的进步使研究人员能够研究包括真皮在内的全层皮肤中存在的细胞种类。多个研究小组证实，根据转录谱的差异，可以在小鼠和人类真皮中识别出不同的成纤维细胞群体。在这里，我们讨论了关于健康小鼠和人类皮肤中真皮成纤维细胞异质性的当前知识状态，强调了小鼠和人类成纤维细胞亚群之间的异同。我们还讨论了成纤维细胞异质性如何为生理伤口愈合及其在诸如增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩等病理状态下的功能障碍提供见解。
