School of Journalism and Media, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
School of Journalism and Communication, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China.
BMC Psychol. 2022 Jun 8;10(1):145. doi: 10.1186/s40359-022-00857-x.
Smartphone use has become a pervasive aspect of youth daily life today. Immersive engagement with apps and features on the smartphone may lead to intimate and affectionate human-device relationships. The purpose of this research is to holistically dissect the ranked order of the various dimensions of college students' attachment to the smartphones through the by-person factorial analytical power of Q methodology.
Inspired by extant research into diverse aspects of human attachment to the smartphones, a concourse of 50 statements pertinent to the functional, behavioral, emotional and psychological dimensions of human-smartphone attachment were pilot tested and developed. A P sample of 67 participants completed the Q sort based on respective subjective perceptions and self-references. Data was processed utilizing the open-source Web-based Ken-Q Analysis software in detecting the main factorial structure.
Five distinct factor (persona) exemplars were identified illustrating different pragmatic, cognitive and attitudinal approaches to smartphone engagement. They were labeled mainstream users, disciplined conventionalists, casual fun-seekers, inquisitive nerds, and sentient pragmatists in response to their respective psycho-behavioral traits. There were clear patterns of similarity and divergence among the five personas.
The typological diversity points to the multiplicate nature of human-smartphone attachment. Clusters of cognitive, behavioral and habitual patterns in smartphone engagement driving each persona may be a productive area of exploration in future research in exploring their respective emotional and other outcomes. The concurrent agency of nomophobia and anthropomorphic attribution is an intriguing line of academic inquiry.
如今，智能手机的使用已成为年轻人日常生活中普遍存在的一部分。沉浸式地使用智能手机上的应用程序和功能可能会导致人与设备之间建立亲密而深情的关系。本研究的目的是通过 Q 方法的个人因素分析能力，全面剖析大学生对智能手机的依恋的各个维度的排名顺序。
受对人与智能手机的依恋的各个方面的现有研究的启发，对与人类对智能手机的依恋的功能、行为、情感和心理维度相关的 50 个陈述进行了试点测试和开发。对 67 名 P 样本参与者进行了 Q 分类，依据各自的主观感知和自我参考。使用开源的基于网络的 Ken-Q 分析软件来处理数据，以检测主要的因子结构。
确定了五个不同的因子（人物）示例，这些示例说明了与智能手机参与相关的不同实用、认知和态度方法。根据各自的心理-行为特征，他们被标记为主流用户、守纪律的传统主义者、休闲娱乐追求者、好奇的书呆子和感性实用主义者。这五个角色之间存在明显的相似性和差异性模式。
这种类型学的多样性表明了人与智能手机的依恋的多重性。推动每个角色的智能手机参与的认知、行为和习惯性模式的集群可能是未来研究探索各自情感和其他结果的一个有前途的探索领域。同时考虑到无手机恐惧症和拟人化归因的代理作用是一个有趣的学术探究领域。
