ENFYRED Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain.
School of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 26;19(11):6461. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116461.
This study aimed to assess the physical fitness and upper body asymmetries of young padel players aged between 13 and 16 years and to determine the possible differences between genders and categories. A total of 60 padel players were divided into four groups: under-14 male (n = 15; age: 13.75 ± 0.45 years; height: 1.64 ± 0.07 m; weight: 54.7 ± 8.3 kg), under-14 female (n = 15; age: 13.75 ± 0.44 years; height: 1.60 ± 0.05 m; weight: 51.5 ± 6.0 kg), under-16 male (n = 15; age: 15.44 ± 0.51 years; height:1.71 ± 0.04 m; weight: 63.88 ± 6.2 kg) and under-16 female (n = 15; age:15.46 ± 0.52 years; height:1.63 ± 0.05 m; weight: 55.08 ± 3.6 kg). Handgrip strength, ischiosural flexibility, gestural speed of the dominant arm, vertical jump, cardiorespiratory capacity, lateral movement, lateral acceleration and reaction time were measured. Male players showed better results in manual grip strength, vertical jump power, cardiorespiratory capacity and lateral movement (p < 0.05). Moreover, males presented a higher percentage of asymmetry in upper limb strength. Female players showed better reaction time and greater flexibility (p < 0.05). Regarding the differences between categories, the under-16 players showed greater flexibility, gestural speed, vertical jump power, cardiorespiratory capacity and lateral movement compared to the under-14 players. These results can be used as reference values for coaches/physical trainers of younger categories to improve health control and physical performance planning.
本研究旨在评估 13 至 16 岁青少年壁球运动员的体能和上肢不对称性，并确定性别和类别之间可能存在的差异。共有 60 名壁球运动员分为四组：14 岁以下男性（n = 15；年龄：13.75 ± 0.45 岁；身高：1.64 ± 0.07 米；体重：54.7 ± 8.3 公斤），14 岁以下女性（n = 15；年龄：13.75 ± 0.44 岁；身高：1.60 ± 0.05 米；体重：51.5 ± 6.0 公斤），16 岁以下男性（n = 15；年龄：15.44 ± 0.51 岁；身高：1.71 ± 0.04 米；体重：63.88 ± 6.2 公斤）和 16 岁以下女性（n = 15；年龄：15.46 ± 0.52 岁；身高：1.63 ± 0.05 米；体重：55.08 ± 3.6 公斤）。测量了手握力、臀肌柔韧性、优势臂的运动速度、垂直跳跃、心肺功能、横向移动、横向加速度和反应时间。男性运动员在手动握力、垂直跳跃力量、心肺功能和横向运动方面表现更好（p < 0.05）。此外，男性上肢力量的不对称性更高。女性运动员表现出更好的反应时间和更大的灵活性（p < 0.05）。关于类别的差异，16 岁以下运动员的柔韧性、运动速度、垂直跳跃力量、心肺功能和横向移动能力均优于 14 岁以下运动员。这些结果可以作为年轻类别的教练/体能训练师的参考值，以改善健康控制和身体表现规划。
