L'Alfatier-Centro Médico Psicológico, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 1;19(11):6790. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116790.
Misophonia is a scarcely known disorder. This systematic review (1) offers a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the literature since 2001, (2) identifies the most relevant aspects but also controversies, (3) identifies the theoretical and methodological approaches, and (4) highlights the outstanding advances until May 2022 as well as aspects that remain unknown and deserve future research efforts. Misophonia is characterized by strong physiological, emotional, and behavioral reactions to auditory, visual, and/or kinesthetic stimuli of different nature regardless of their physical characteristics. These misophonic responses include anger, general discomfort, disgust, anxiety, and avoidance and escape behaviors, and decrease the quality of life of the people with the disorder and their relatives. There is no consensus on the diagnostic criteria yet. High comorbidity between misophonia and other psychiatric and auditory disorders is reported. Importantly, the confusion with other disorders contributes to its underdiagnosis. In recent years, assessment systems with good psychometric properties have increased considerably, as have treatment proposals. Although misophonia is not yet included in international classification systems, it is an emerging field of growing scientific and clinical interest.
恐音症是一种鲜为人知的疾病。本系统综述（1）对 2001 年以来的文献进行了定量和定性分析，（2）确定了最相关的方面，但也存在争议，（3）确定了理论和方法学方法，（4）突出了截至 2022 年 5 月的突出进展以及仍然未知的方面，值得未来进行研究。恐音症的特征是对不同性质的听觉、视觉和/或动觉刺激产生强烈的生理、情绪和行为反应，而不论其物理特征如何。这些恐音反应包括愤怒、一般不适、厌恶、焦虑和回避及逃避行为，并降低了患者及其亲属的生活质量。目前尚未就诊断标准达成共识。据报道，恐音症与其他精神和听觉障碍之间存在高度共病。重要的是，与其他疾病的混淆导致其诊断不足。近年来，具有良好心理测量特性的评估系统有了很大的增加，治疗建议也有所增加。尽管恐音症尚未被纳入国际分类系统，但它是一个日益受到科学和临床关注的新兴领域。
