Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2022 Dec;32(12):1738-1746. doi: 10.1111/sms.14201. Epub 2022 Jun 18.
The aim of this study was to describe individual training strategies in preparation to Giro d'Italia of three world class road cyclists who achieved a top 5 in the general classification. Day-to-day power meter training and racing data of three road cyclists (age: 26, 27, 25 years; relative maximum oxygen consumption: 81, 82, 80 ml·min ·kg ; relative 20-min record power output: 6.6, 6.6, 6.4 W kg ) of the 22 weeks (December-May) leading up to the top 5 in Giro d'Italia general classification were retrospectively analyzed. Weekly volume and intensity distribution were considered. Cyclists completed 17, 22, 29 races, trained averagely for 19.7 (7.9), 16.2 (7.0), 14.7 (6.2) hours per week, with a training intensity distribution of 91.3-6.5-2.2, 83.6-10.6-5.8, 86.7-8.9-4.4 in zone 1-zone 2-zone 3 before the Giro d'Italia. Two cyclists spent 55 and 39 days at altitude, one did not attend any altitude camp. Cyclists adopted an overall pyramidal intensity distribution with a relevant increase in high-intensity volume and polarization index in races weeks. Tapering phases seem to be dictated by race schedule instead of literature prescription, with no strength training performed by the three cyclists throughout the entire periodization.
本研究旨在描述三位在环意大利自行车赛（Giro d'Italia）中获得总成绩前五名的世界级公路自行车运动员在备战中的个体训练策略。对三位公路自行车运动员（年龄：26、27、25 岁；相对最大摄氧量：81、82、80ml·min·kg；相对 20 分钟记录功率输出：6.6、6.6、6.4W·kg）在环意大利自行车赛总成绩前五名的 22 周（12 月至 5 月）的日常功率计训练和比赛数据进行了回顾性分析。考虑了每周的量和强度分布。运动员们完成了 17、22、29 场比赛，平均每周训练 19.7（7.9）、16.2（7.0）、14.7（6.2）小时，训练强度分布为环意赛前在 1 区-2 区-3 区的 91.3%-6.5%-2.2%、83.6%-10.6%-5.8%、86.7%-8.9%-4.4%。其中两名运动员分别有 55 天和 39 天在高海拔地区，一名运动员没有参加任何高海拔训练营。运动员们采用了整体金字塔强度分布，在比赛周中高负荷量和强度极化指数显著增加。渐降阶段似乎是由比赛日程决定的，而不是按照文献的规定，三名运动员在整个周期化过程中都没有进行力量训练。
