Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China.
Fitoterapia. 2022 Sep;161:105230. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105230. Epub 2022 Jun 7.
Plants of the Schisandraceae family have a rich and medicinal history dating back to ancient times. Many of them are used as folk medicine in the treatment of chronic coughs, asthma, nocturnal emission, spontaneous sweating, night sweats, palpitation, insomnia and thirst.
The current review is carried out on triterpenoids from the Schisandraceae family, aiming to comprehensively summarize their phytochemistry, pharmacology and synthesis and provide new insights to the chemical and pharmacological study and rational utilization on medicinal plants of the Schisandarceae family.
The information was searched from the scientific literature published from June 2014 to November 2021 on the online databases (including PubMed, CNKI, Elsevier, SciFinder and Web of Science) and other bibliography (e.g. the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 2020 edition, Chinese herbal books). The scientific literature related to phytochemistry, pharmacology, biological activites and synthesis of triterpenoids from the Schisandraceae family was gathered.
From June 2014 to November 2021, there were approximately 211 novel triterpenoids isolated and identified from 18 species of the Schisandraceae family. These compounds exhibit tremendous diversity in their structures, and some of them possess promising pharmacological activities, including anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, immunosuppressive activities and neuroprotective effects. In the attempt to synthesize active compounds, the total synthesis of 13 schinortriterpenoids belonging to five structural types was successfully completed.
Studies of triterpenoids from the Schisandraceae family are well documented in this review (from June 2014 to November 2021), and it is also well acknowledged that they are valuable resources with medicinal efficacy. However, relevant pharmacological studies are limited to in vitro tests, and data from in vivo studies and toxicology are lacking or unavailable. Fortunately, there is growing interest in the synthesis of active compounds, which should serve as an approach for accessing active compounds to develop in vivo or toxicity studies, with a view of clarifying their in vitro and vivo mechanisms for more effective and safe natural drugs.
五味子科植物具有丰富的药用历史，可以追溯到古代。它们中的许多被用作民间药物，用于治疗慢性咳嗽、哮喘、遗精、自汗、盗汗、心悸、失眠和口渴。
本综述对五味子科的三萜类化合物进行了综述，旨在全面总结其植物化学、药理学和合成，并为五味子科药用植物的化学和药理学研究及合理利用提供新的见解。
从 2014 年 6 月至 2021 年 11 月，在在线数据库（包括 PubMed、CNKI、Elsevier、SciFinder 和 Web of Science）和其他参考文献（如《中国药典》，2020 年版，中草药书籍）上检索了 2014 年 6 月至 2021 年 11 月发表的科学文献。收集了有关五味子科三萜类化合物的植物化学、药理学、生物活性和合成的科学文献。
从 2014 年 6 月至 2021 年 11 月，从五味子科的 18 个种中分离鉴定出约 211 种新的三萜类化合物。这些化合物在结构上具有巨大的多样性，其中一些具有有前途的药理活性，包括抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗炎、保肝、免疫抑制和神经保护作用。为了合成活性化合物，成功地完成了属于五个结构类型的 13 种 schinortriterpenoids 的全合成。
本综述（2014 年 6 月至 2021 年 11 月）对五味子科三萜类化合物的研究有很好的记录，并且也被认为是具有药用功效的有价值资源。然而，相关的药理学研究仅限于体外试验，缺乏或无法获得体内研究和毒理学的数据。幸运的是，人们对活性化合物的合成越来越感兴趣，这应该是一种获取活性化合物的方法，以进行体内或毒性研究，以期阐明其体外和体内机制，以开发更有效和安全的天然药物。
