Wenzhou Medical University, China.
Wenzhou Medical University, China.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2022 Aug;66:26-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.03.001. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
The process of wound healing involves a complex and vast interplay of growth factors and cytokines that coordinate the recruitment and interaction of various cell types. A series of events involving inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling eventually leads to the restoration of the damaged tissue. Abrogation in the regulation of these events has been shown to result in excessive scarring or non-healing wounds. While the process of wound healing is not fully elucidated, it has been documented that the early events of wound healing play a key role in the outcome of the wound. Furthermore, high levels of inflammation have been shown to lead to scarring. The regulation of these events may result in scarless wound healing, especially in adults. The inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and the administration of keratinocyte growth factors (KGF), KGF-1 and KGF-2, has in recent years yielded positive results in the acceleration of wound closure and reduced scarring. Here, we encapsulate recent knowledge on the roles of TGF-β, KGF1, and KGF2 in wound healing and scar formation and highlight the areas that need further investigation. We also discuss potential future directions for the use of growth factors in wound management.
伤口愈合过程涉及生长因子和细胞因子的复杂而广泛的相互作用，这些因子协调各种细胞类型的募集和相互作用。一系列涉及炎症、增殖和重塑的事件最终导致受损组织的修复。这些事件的调节失调已被证明会导致过度瘢痕形成或伤口不愈合。虽然伤口愈合的过程尚未完全阐明，但已记录表明伤口愈合的早期事件在伤口的结果中起着关键作用。此外，高水平的炎症已被证明会导致瘢痕形成。这些事件的调节可能导致无瘢痕愈合，尤其是在成年人中。近年来，抑制转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）和给予角质细胞生长因子（KGF）、KGF-1 和 KGF-2，在加速伤口闭合和减少瘢痕形成方面取得了积极的结果。在这里，我们总结了 TGF-β、KGF1 和 KGF2 在伤口愈合和瘢痕形成中的作用的最新知识，并强调了需要进一步研究的领域。我们还讨论了生长因子在伤口管理中的潜在未来应用方向。
