Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, 8914715645, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jun 11;22(1):1169. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13584-0.
The growing prevalence of depression has become a major public health problem. There is limited evidence regarding the relationship between dietary behaviors and depression. The present study was designed to evaluate the association between dietary behaviors and depression score.
A total of 933 Iranian adolescent girls aged 12 to 18 years were included in this cross-sectional study. Depression severity score was assessed using a validated Persian version of Beck's depression inventory. Dietary behaviors were pre-defined and assessed in ten domains using a standard questionnaire. To investigate the association between dietary behaviors and depression score, the linear regression analysis in crude and adjusted models was used.
67.7% of participants had no or minimal depression symptoms and 32.3% of participants were categorized with mild-to-severe depression symptoms. There were significant inverse relationships between main meal consumption (Beta: -0.141; 95% CI: - 3.644 to - 1.000; P = 0.001), snack consumption (Beta: -0.100; 95% CI: - 2.400 to - 0.317; P = 0.002), regular meal consumption (Beta: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.13-0.42; P = 0.001) and food chewing (Beta: -0.152; 95% CI: - 2.279 to - 0.753; P = 0.03) with depression score. These associations remained significant after adjustment for confounding variables. In addition, frequency of intra-meal fluid intake (Beta: 0.096; 95% CI: 0.288 to 1.535; P = 0.004) and spicy foods consumption (Beta: 0.076; 95% CI: 0.098 to 1.508; P = 0.02) were directly associated with depression score in the crude model. These significant relations were disappeared in full adjusted model. No significant association was found between breakfast consumption, intake of fried foods, chewing ability, and tooth loss with depression score (P > 0.05).
Significant associations were observed between specific eating behaviors with depression score. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
抑郁的患病率不断上升，已成为一个主要的公共卫生问题。关于饮食行为与抑郁之间的关系，目前的证据有限。本研究旨在评估饮食行为与抑郁评分之间的关系。
本横断面研究共纳入 933 名 12 至 18 岁的伊朗青春期女孩。使用贝克抑郁清单的波斯语验证版本评估抑郁严重程度评分。使用标准问卷预先定义并评估了 10 个领域的饮食行为。为了研究饮食行为与抑郁评分之间的关系，使用了未调整和调整模型的线性回归分析。
67.7%的参与者没有或只有轻微的抑郁症状，32.3%的参与者被归类为轻度至重度抑郁症状。主餐摄入（Beta：-0.141；95%CI：-3.644 至-1.000；P=0.001）、零食摄入（Beta：-0.100；95%CI：-2.400 至-0.317；P=0.002）、规律进餐（Beta：0.23；95%CI：0.13-0.42；P=0.001）和咀嚼食物（Beta：-0.152；95%CI：-2.279 至-0.753；P=0.03）与抑郁评分呈显著负相关。在调整混杂变量后，这些关联仍然显著。此外，进餐时摄入液体的频率（Beta：0.096；95%CI：0.288 至 1.535；P=0.004）和食用辛辣食物（Beta：0.076；95%CI：0.098 至 1.508；P=0.02）与抑郁评分在粗模型中呈正相关。这些显著关系在完全调整模型中消失了。早餐摄入、油炸食品摄入、咀嚼能力和牙齿缺失与抑郁评分之间无显著相关性（P>0.05）。
特定的饮食行为与抑郁评分之间存在显著的关联。需要进行前瞻性研究来证实这些发现。
