Brooks Nathan, Honnavalli Vaishnavi, Jacobson-Lang Briar
College of Psychology, Central Queensland University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
Consultant Criminologist, Singapore, Singapore.
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2021 May 26;29(1):107-133. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2021.1904448. eCollection 2022.
The rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) brought with it a new wave of child soldier. This was characterised by media and propaganda circulating of children as young as four being exposed to detonators and rifles, along with perpetrating acts of violence. However, since the dismantling of ISIS, many of these children are now returning home to countries such as Australia and those in the United Kingdom and Europe; having been exposed to extremist Islamic ideology, radicalisation, and psychological and physical abuse. This review highlights that the trauma experienced by the child soldiers increases the possibility of symptomology associated with depression, anxiety, and externalising problems. Due to the complex and prolonged exposure to trauma, Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) is considered. Alongside mental health symptomology, psychometric risk assessment tools are examined, and suitable psychological services are discussed as possible interventions and support systems for children.
伊拉克和叙利亚伊斯兰国（ISIS）的崛起带来了新一轮儿童兵问题。其特点是媒体传播的宣传内容显示，年仅四岁的儿童接触雷管和步枪，并实施暴力行为。然而，自ISIS被瓦解以来，许多此类儿童现正返回澳大利亚、英国和欧洲等国的家中；他们曾接触极端伊斯兰意识形态、激进化以及心理和身体虐待。本综述强调，儿童兵所经历的创伤增加了出现与抑郁、焦虑和外化问题相关症状的可能性。由于长期复杂地接触创伤，需考虑发展性创伤障碍（DTD）。除心理健康症状外，还对心理测量风险评估工具进行了研究，并讨论了合适的心理服务，作为针对儿童的可能干预措施和支持系统。
