Chu Han-Wei, Unnikrishnan Binesh, Anand Anisha, Lin Yang-Wei, Huang Chih-Ching
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan.
Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua City, 50007, Taiwan.
J Food Drug Anal. 2020 Dec 15;28(4):539-557. doi: 10.38212/2224-6614.1269.
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are novel nanomaterials with interesting physical and chemical properties, which are intensely studied only in the last decade. Unique properties, such as its inherent fluorescent property, high resistance to photobleaching, high surface area, ease of synthesis, flexible choice of precursor, and surface tunability enable CQDs for promising application in biosensing. Therefore, it is highly useful in clinical, forensic, medical, food and drug analyses, disease diagnosis, and various other fields of biosensing. In addition, their fluorescence properties are tunable by the interaction with certain molecules via different mechanisms, which enables their application for sensing of those molecules, such as pesticides and antibiotics. The detection of antibiotics and pesticides is especially important as they are commonly used in both the medical and agricultural fields and can affect both humans and their environment. However, these molecules do not have a specific recognition element unlike for antibodies, proteins, enzymes, and other biomarkers. Thus, the fluorescence quenching mechanism alone cannot be applied as a sensing mechanism for the CQDs-based sensing of pesticides and antibiotics. In this review, we discuss the application of various CQDs, in the detection of antibiotics, pesticides (herbicide, fungicide, insecticide), and other medicinal drugs through various detection strategies and their current limitations.
碳量子点（CQDs）是具有有趣物理和化学性质的新型纳米材料，仅在过去十年中才受到深入研究。其独特的性质，如固有的荧光特性、高抗光漂白性、高表面积、易于合成、前驱体选择灵活以及表面可调性，使碳量子点在生物传感领域具有广阔的应用前景。因此，它在临床、法医、医学、食品和药物分析、疾病诊断以及生物传感的其他各个领域都非常有用。此外，它们的荧光特性可通过与某些分子通过不同机制相互作用来调节，这使得它们可用于检测这些分子，如农药和抗生素。抗生素和农药的检测尤为重要，因为它们在医疗和农业领域都普遍使用，并且会对人类及其环境产生影响。然而，与抗体、蛋白质、酶和其他生物标志物不同，这些分子没有特定的识别元件。因此，仅荧光猝灭机制不能用作基于碳量子点检测农药和抗生素的传感机制。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了各种碳量子点通过不同检测策略在抗生素、农药（除草剂、杀菌剂、杀虫剂）和其他药物检测中的应用及其当前局限性。
