Song Pan, Lu Ni, Zhang Jiahe, Gao Xin, Li Xiong, Li Yaxin, Yang Luchen, Liu Zhenghuan, Ma Kai, Dong Qiang
Department of Urology, Institution of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China.
The Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.
Am J Transl Res. 2022 May 15;14(5):3494-3515. eCollection 2022.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the various causes of death among patients with non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), non-metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer (non-MMIBC) and metastatic bladder cancer (MBC) after diagnosis.
With the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Final Results database, patients diagnosed with bladder cancer from 2004 to 2015 were identified. All causes of death and the standardization mortality ratio (SMR) were analyzed.
A total of 111,784 NMIBC, 26,546 non-MIBC and 4,678 MBC patients were identified. For NMIBC patients, 44,638 patients died during the follow-up, including 20.57% of bladder cancer, 18% of other tumors and 61.36% of non-tumor diseases. Main causes of other tumors death were cancers from lung and bronchus [n=2,860, SMR: 1.56 (1.51-1.62)], pancreas [n=506, SMR: 1.15 (1.05-1.26)], and prostate [n=442, SMR: 0.62 (0.56-0.68)]. Main causes of non-tumor deaths were diseases of heart [n=10,007, SMR: 1.15 (1.13-1.17)], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [n=3,153, SMR: 1.54 (1.49-1.59)], cerebrovascular diseases [n=1,704, SMR: 0.96 (0.91-1)], alzheimers [n=1,211, SMR: 0.87 (0.82-0.92)] and diabetes mellitus [n=1,047, SMR: 1.19 (1.12-1.27)]. Among the 18829 deaths in non-MMIBC patients, 62.65% patients died of bladder cancer, 11.08% of other tumors and 26.39% of non-tumor causes. Main deaths of other cancers were tumors from lung and bronchus [n=435, SMR: 1.83 (1.66-2.01)], prostate [n=192, SMR: 2.21 (1.91-2.54)]. Main causes of non-tumor death were diseases of heart [n=1717, SMR: 1.56 (1.49-1.64)], COPD [n=561, SMR: 2.18 (2.01-2.37)], and cerebrovascular diseases [n=290, SMR: 1.28 (1.14-1.44)]. Among the 4,392 deaths of MBC patients, 3,486 (79.37%) died of bladder cancer. Main cause of other deaths included diseases of heart (n=128) and prostate cancer (n=57).
For NMIBC patients, leading causes of death were diseases of heart, COPD, lung and bronchus cancer, cerebrovascular diseases, Alzheimer's, and diabetes mellitus. Leading causes of deaths for non-MMIBE patients were bladder cancer, diseases of heart, COPD, lung and bronchus cancer, cerebrovascular diseases and prostate cancer. Main causes of death for MBC patients were bladder cancer itself. Our results of all causes of death and mortality risks provided useful information for bladder cancer patients.
本研究旨在评估非肌层浸润性膀胱癌（NMIBC）、非转移性肌层浸润性膀胱癌（non-MMIBC）和转移性膀胱癌（MBC）患者诊断后的各种死亡原因。
利用监测、流行病学和最终结果数据库，确定2004年至2015年诊断为膀胱癌的患者。分析所有死亡原因和标准化死亡率（SMR）。
共确定111,784例NMIBC患者、26,546例non-MIBC患者和4,678例MBC患者。对于NMIBC患者，44,638例患者在随访期间死亡，其中膀胱癌死亡占20.57%，其他肿瘤死亡占18%，非肿瘤疾病死亡占61.36%。其他肿瘤死亡的主要原因是肺癌和支气管癌[n = 2,860，SMR：1.56（1.51 - 1.62）]、胰腺癌[n = 506，SMR：1.15（1.05 - 1.26）]和前列腺癌[n = 442，SMR：0.62（0.56 - 0.68）]。非肿瘤死亡的主要原因是心脏病[n = 10,007，SMR：1.15（1.13 - 1.17）]、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）[n = 3,153，SMR：1.54（1.49 - 1.59）]、脑血管疾病[n = 1,704，SMR：0.96（0.91 - 1）]、阿尔茨海默病[n = 1,211，SMR：0.87（0.82 - 0.92）]和糖尿病[n = 1,047，SMR：1.19（1.12 - 1.27）]。在non-MMIBC患者的18829例死亡中，62.65%的患者死于膀胱癌，11.08%死于其他肿瘤，26.39%死于非肿瘤原因。其他癌症的主要死亡原因是肺癌和支气管癌[n = 435，SMR：1.83（1.66 - 2.01）]、前列腺癌[n = 192，SMR：2.21（1.91 - 2.54）]。非肿瘤死亡的主要原因是心脏病[n = 1717，SMR：1.56（1.49 - 1.64）]、COPD[n = 561，SMR：2.18（2.01 - 2.37）]和脑血管疾病[n = 290，SMR：1.28（1.14 - 1.44）]。在4392例MBC患者的死亡中，3486例（79.37%）死于膀胱癌。其他死亡的主要原因包括心脏病（n = 128）和前列腺癌（n = 57）。
对于NMIBC患者，主要死亡原因是心脏病、COPD、肺癌和支气管癌、脑血管疾病、阿尔茨海默病和糖尿病。non-MMIBE患者的主要死亡原因是膀胱癌、心脏病、COPD、肺癌和支气管癌、脑血管疾病和前列腺癌。MBC患者的主要死亡原因是膀胱癌本身。我们关于所有死亡原因和死亡风险的结果为膀胱癌患者提供了有用信息。
