Department of Physiology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (A DST-FIST Supported Center), Department of Biochemistry (A DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 16;17(6):e0269394. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269394. eCollection 2022.
Disorders of mental health are known to affect cognitive functions, hence called as cognitive disorders. Impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, vitamin-D deficiency and oxidative stress are some of the key early events reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of most common cognitive disorders, which include Alzheimer's disease. Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the known contributing factors of cognitive impairment and dementia.
A cross sectional study was carried out in 145 subjects, who were assessed for cognitive function by modified mini mental status examination (3MS). In addition, measurement of fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin, HbA1c, lipid profile, vitamin D and oxidative markers was performed. Participants were divided into different groups based on (a) vitamin D insufficiency and sufficiency; (b) diabetic and non-diabetic with and without cognitive impairment.
The study included a total of 145 subjects; 51 males and 94 females and the mean age was 68.24±9.70 years. Among diabetics with vitamin D insufficiency, 35 subjects (71.43%) had cognitive impairment, but, among non-diabetics with vitamin D insufficiency, 27 subjects (62.79%) had cognitive impairment. Chi square test showed no significant association between diabetes, vitamin D insufficiency and cognitive impairment. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were non-significantly lower in cognition-impaired subjects, when compared to cognition normal subjects in diabetics with vitamin D insufficiency.
Our study showed that cognitive impairment is more predominant in individuals with diabetes. However, our study did not find any significant relationship between T2DM, vitamin D deficiency, cognitive impairment, and oxidative stress. A significant association was found only with GPx and 3MSE score in vitamin D insufficient non-diabetics.
精神健康障碍已知会影响认知功能，因此被称为认知障碍。受损的葡萄糖代谢、胰岛素抵抗、维生素 D 缺乏和氧化应激是一些被报道与大多数常见认知障碍（包括阿尔茨海默病）发病机制有关的关键早期事件。2 型糖尿病（T2DM）是认知障碍和痴呆的已知促成因素之一。
在 145 名受试者中进行了一项横断面研究，通过改良的迷你精神状态检查（3MS）评估认知功能。此外，还测量了空腹血糖（FBS）、空腹胰岛素、HbA1c、血脂谱、维生素 D 和氧化标志物。根据（a）维生素 D 不足和充足；（b）糖尿病和非糖尿病以及认知障碍的有无，将参与者分为不同的组。
该研究共纳入 145 名受试者；男性 51 名，女性 94 名，平均年龄为 68.24±9.70 岁。在维生素 D 不足的糖尿病患者中，有 35 名（71.43%）有认知障碍，但在维生素 D 不足的非糖尿病患者中，有 27 名（62.79%）有认知障碍。卡方检验显示，糖尿病、维生素 D 不足与认知障碍之间无显著关联。与认知正常的受试者相比，在维生素 D 不足的糖尿病患者中，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平明显较低。
我们的研究表明，认知障碍在糖尿病患者中更为普遍。然而，我们的研究没有发现 T2DM、维生素 D 缺乏、认知障碍和氧化应激之间有任何显著关系。仅在维生素 D 不足的非糖尿病患者中发现 GPx 和 3MSE 评分之间存在显著关联。
