Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 16;17(6):e0268503. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268503. eCollection 2022.
Hyperuricemia has a suspected relationship with hypertension, metabolic syndrome, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. Endocrine disruptors may affect uric acid metabolism; however, few epidemiologic studies have been performed in children regarding newly developed bisphenol A (BPA) substitutes. We evaluated the associations between BPA, bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF) exposure and serum uric acid concentrations in 6-year-old Korean children.
From the Environment and Development of Children cohort study, six-year-old children (N = 489; 251 boys) who underwent an examination during 2015-2017 were included. Anthropometry, questionnaires, and biological samples were evaluated. BPA, BPS, and BPF levels were measured from spot urine samples, and log-transformed or categorized into groups for analysis. We constructed linear regression models adjusting for age, sex, urinary creatinine levels, body mass index z-scores, and estimated glomerular filtration rates.
Mean serum uric level was 4.2 mg dL-1 (0.8 SD) without sex-differences. Among the three bisphenols, higher BPS exposure was associated with increased serum uric acid concentrations (P-value for trend = 0.002). When BPS levels were categorized into three groups (non-detection < 0.02 μg L-1 vs. medium BPS; 0.02-0.05 μg L-1 vs. high BPS ≥ 0.05 μg L-1), the high BPS group showed higher serum uric acid concentrations (by 0.26 mg dL-1, P = 0.003) than the non-detection group after adjusting for covariates, which was significant in boys but not girls.
Urinary BPS levels was positively associated with serum uric acid concentrations in 6-year-old children, and the association was more pronounced in boys. Considering the increasing use of BPS and concerning effect of hyperuricemia on health outcomes, their positive relationship should be investigated further.
高尿酸血症与高血压、代谢综合征、肾脏疾病和心血管疾病有关。环境内分泌干扰物可能会影响尿酸代谢；然而，针对新开发的双酚 A（BPA）替代品，很少有针对儿童的流行病学研究。我们评估了 6 岁韩国儿童 BPA、双酚 S（BPS）和双酚 F（BPF）暴露与血清尿酸浓度之间的关系。
从环境与儿童发展队列研究中，纳入了 2015-2017 年期间接受检查的 6 岁儿童（N=489；251 名男孩）。评估了人体测量学、问卷调查和生物样本。从尿液样本中测量了 BPA、BPS 和 BPF 水平，并进行了对数转换或分类分析。我们构建了线性回归模型，调整了年龄、性别、尿肌酐水平、体重指数 z 评分和估计肾小球滤过率。
血清尿酸水平的平均值为 4.2mg/dL-1（0.8SD），无性别差异。在这三种双酚中，BPS 暴露水平越高，血清尿酸浓度越高（趋势 P 值=0.002）。当 BPS 水平分为三组（未检出<0.02μg/L-1 与中 BPS；0.02-0.05μg/L-1 与高 BPS≥0.05μg/L-1）时，高 BPS 组的血清尿酸浓度比未检出组高 0.26mg/dL-1（P=0.003），在校正了混杂因素后，这种差异在男孩中更为显著，但在女孩中不显著。
6 岁儿童尿液 BPS 水平与血清尿酸浓度呈正相关，且在男孩中更为明显。考虑到 BPS 使用量的增加以及高尿酸血症对健康结果的影响，应进一步研究它们之间的这种正相关关系。
