Consultant Ophthalmologist, Department of Ophthalmologist, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cheltenham, UK.
National Clinical Lead, NHS Diabetic Eye Screening Programme (Ophthalmology), Public Health Commissioning and Operations, England.
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2022 May;17(3):235-243. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2078305.
In 2002, Diabetic Retinopathy was reported as the leading cause of blindness in the working age group. The introduction of systematic screening programs in the UK has reduced visual loss and blindness due to diabetic retinopathy, but it does still occur with catastrophic consequences for the individual.
The author conducted an ongoing search for articles relating to diabetic retinopathy since 2000 utilizing Zetoc Alert with keywords and contents page lists from relevant journals. This review covers the risk factors for loss of vision due to diabetic retinopathy and discusses ways in which the awareness of these risk factors can be used to further reduce visual loss. Some risk factors such as glycemic and B/P control are well known from landmark trials. This review has included these factors but concentrated more on the evidence behind those risk factors that are not so clearly defined or so well known.
The major risk factors are well known, but one continues to find that people with diabetes lose vision in situations in which a better awareness of the risks by both the individual with diabetes and the health workers involved may have prevented the visual loss.
2002 年，糖尿病视网膜病变被报道为导致工作年龄段人群失明的主要原因。英国引入系统的筛查计划已经减少了糖尿病视网膜病变导致的视力丧失和失明，但它仍然会给个人带来灾难性的后果。
作者自 2000 年以来，利用 Zetoc Alert 进行了一项关于糖尿病视网膜病变的持续搜索，使用关键字和相关期刊的目录页列表。本综述涵盖了由于糖尿病视网膜病变导致视力丧失的风险因素，并讨论了如何利用这些风险因素的认识来进一步减少视力丧失。一些风险因素，如血糖和血压控制，已经从标志性试验中得到证实。本综述包括了这些因素，但更侧重于那些风险因素的证据，这些因素并不那么明确或广为人知。
主要风险因素是众所周知的，但人们仍然发现，糖尿病患者在某些情况下会失去视力，如果糖尿病患者和相关卫生工作者对这些风险有更好的认识，可能已经预防了视力丧失。
