Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Special Research Unit for Wildlife Genomics (SRUWG), Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Cells. 2022 Jun 17;11(12):1953. doi: 10.3390/cells11121953.
Centromeric satellite DNA (cen-satDNA) consists of highly divergent repeat monomers, each approximately 171 base pairs in length. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity in the centromeric region of two primate species: long-tailed () and rhesus () macaques. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and bioinformatic analysis showed the chromosome-specific organization and dynamic nature of cen-satDNAsequences, and their substantial diversity, with distinct subfamilies across macaque populations, suggesting increased turnovers. Comparative genomics identified high level polymorphisms spanning a 120 bp deletion region and a remarkable interspecific variability in cen-satDNA size and structure. Population structure analysis detected admixture patterns within populations, indicating their high divergence and rapid evolution. However, differences in cen-satDNA profiles appear to not be involved in hybrid incompatibility between the two species. Our study provides a genomic landscape of centromeric repeats in wild macaques and opens new avenues for exploring their impact on the adaptive evolution and speciation of primates.
着丝粒卫星 DNA（cen-satDNA）由高度分化的重复单体组成，每个单体约 171 个碱基对长。在这里，我们研究了两种灵长类动物——长尾猕猴和恒河猴——着丝粒区的遗传多样性。荧光原位杂交和生物信息学分析表明 cen-satDNA 序列具有染色体特异性的组织和动态性质，以及它们的高度多样性，在猕猴群体中存在明显的亚家族，表明 turnover 增加。比较基因组学鉴定出跨越 120bp 缺失区域的高水平多态性，以及 cen-satDNA 大小和结构的显著种间变异性。种群结构分析检测到种群内的混合模式，表明它们的高度分化和快速进化。然而，cen-satDNA 图谱的差异似乎与这两个物种之间的杂种不育无关。我们的研究提供了野生猕猴着丝粒重复的基因组景观，并为探索它们对灵长类动物的适应性进化和物种形成的影响开辟了新的途径。
