Kazmi Syed Shabi Ul Hassan, Yapa Neelamanie, Karunarathna Samantha C, Suwannarach Nakarin
Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Jun 2;11(6):852. doi: 10.3390/biology11060852.
Aquatic pollution is considered a major threat to sustainable development across the world, and deterioration of aquatic ecosystems is caused usually by harmful algal blooms (HABs). In recent times, HABs have gained attention from scientists to better understand these phenomena given that these blooms are increasing in intensity and distribution with considerable impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Many exogenous factors such as variations in climatic patterns, eutrophication, wind blowing, dust storms, and upwelling of water currents form these blooms. Globally, the HAB formation is increasing the toxicity in the natural water sources, ultimately leading the deleterious and hazardous effects on the aquatic fauna and flora. This review summarizes the types of HABs with their potential effects, toxicity, grazing defense, human health impacts, management, and control of these harmful entities. This review offers a systematic approach towards the understanding of HABs, eliciting to rethink the increasing threat caused by HABs in aquatic ecosystems across the world. Therefore, to mitigate this increasing threat to aquatic environments, advanced scientific research in ecology and environmental sciences should be prioritized.
水体污染被认为是全球可持续发展面临的主要威胁，而水生生态系统的恶化通常是由有害藻华（HABs）引起的。近年来，有害藻华引起了科学家们的关注，以便更好地理解这些现象，因为这些藻华的强度和分布正在增加，对水生生态系统产生了相当大的影响。许多外部因素，如气候模式变化、富营养化、风吹、沙尘暴和水流上升，都会形成这些藻华。在全球范围内，有害藻华的形成正在增加天然水源中的毒性，最终对水生动植物产生有害和危险的影响。本综述总结了有害藻华的类型及其潜在影响、毒性、食草防御、对人类健康的影响、管理以及对这些有害实体的控制。本综述提供了一种系统的方法来理解有害藻华，促使人们重新思考全球水生生态系统中有害藻华造成的日益增加的威胁。因此，为了减轻对水生环境的这种日益增加的威胁，应优先开展生态学和环境科学方面的先进科学研究。
