National Research Center for Edible Fungi Biotechnology and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Genes (Basel). 2022 Jun 17;13(6):1080. doi: 10.3390/genes13061080.
uses straw as a growth substrate during artificial cultivation and has been widely promoted in China. However, its fruiting body formation and development processes have not been elucidated. In this study, the developmental transcriptomes were analyzed at three stages: the mycelium (G-S), primordium (P-S) and fruiting body (M-F) stages. A total of 9690 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the different developmental stages. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that these DEGs were involved mainly in hydrolase activity, structural molecule activity and oxidoreductase activity as well as xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism and energy metabolism pathways. We further found that the higher expression of most carbohydrate enzyme (i.e., GH, CE, CBM, AA and PL) genes in the hyphal (i.e., G-S) stage was related mainly to substrate degradation, while the upregulation of glycosyltransferase (GT) gene expression in the P-S and M-F stages may be related to cell wall synthesis. In addition, we found that CO-sensing-related genes (i.e., , , and ) were upregulated in the P-S and M-F stages, heat shock protein genes ( and ) were significantly downregulated in the P-S stage and upregulated in the M-F stage and the transcription factors (i.e., , , , , and ) involved in growth and development were significantly upregulated in the P-S stage. These results suggest that environmental factors (i.e., CO and temperature) and transcription factors may play a key role in primordium formation. In short, this study provides new insights into the study of stimulating primordia formation affecting the development of fruiting bodies of
在人工栽培中使用稻草作为生长基质，在中国得到了广泛推广。然而，其子实体的形成和发育过程尚未阐明。本研究在菌丝（G-S）、原基（P-S）和子实体（M-F）三个阶段分析了发育转录组。在不同的发育阶段共鉴定出 9690 个差异表达基因（DEGs）。基因本体（GO）和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）富集分析表明，这些 DEGs 主要参与水解酶活性、结构分子活性和氧化还原酶活性以及外来生物生物降解和代谢以及能量代谢途径。我们进一步发现，菌丝（G-S）阶段大多数碳水化合物酶（即 GH、CE、CBM、AA 和 PL）基因的较高表达主要与底物降解有关，而 P-S 和 M-F 阶段糖基转移酶（GT）基因表达的上调可能与细胞壁合成有关。此外，我们发现 P-S 和 M-F 阶段 CO 感应相关基因（即、、和）上调，P-S 阶段热休克蛋白基因（和）显著下调，M-F 阶段上调，参与生长和发育的转录因子（即、、、、和）在 P-S 阶段显著上调。这些结果表明，环境因素（即 CO 和温度）和转录因子可能在原基形成中起关键作用。总之，本研究为研究刺激原基形成影响子实体发育提供了新的见解。
