Hoteit Reem, Yassine Hadi M
Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 110236, Lebanon.
Biomedical Research Center and College of Health Sciences-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jun 9;10(6):919. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060919.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus that belongs to the coronavirus family and is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As of May 2022, it had caused more than 500 million infections and more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Several vaccines have been produced and tested over the last two years. The SARS-CoV-2 virus, on the other hand, has mutated over time, resulting in genetic variation in the population of circulating variants during the COVID-19 pandemic. It has also shown immune-evading characteristics, suggesting that vaccinations against these variants could be potentially ineffective. The purpose of this review article is to investigate the key variants of concern (VOCs) and mutations of the virus driving the current pandemic, as well as to explore the transmission rates of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs in relation to epidemiological factors and to compare the virus's transmission rate to that of prior coronaviruses. We examined and provided key information on SARS-CoV-2 VOCs in this study, including their transmissibility, infectivity rate, disease severity, affinity for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, viral load, reproduction number, vaccination effectiveness, and vaccine breakthrough.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）是一种属于冠状病毒科的病毒，是2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的病原体。截至2022年5月，它已在全球范围内导致超过5亿人感染和超过600万人死亡。在过去两年中，已经生产并测试了几种疫苗。另一方面，SARS-CoV-2病毒随着时间的推移发生了变异，导致在COVID-19大流行期间循环变异株群体出现基因变异。它还表现出免疫逃逸特性，这表明针对这些变异株的疫苗接种可能无效。这篇综述文章的目的是研究引发当前大流行的病毒的关键关注变异株（VOC）和突变，探讨SARS-CoV-2 VOC与流行病学因素相关的传播率，并将该病毒的传播率与先前的冠状病毒进行比较。我们在本研究中检查并提供了有关SARS-CoV-2 VOC的关键信息，包括它们的传播性、感染率、疾病严重程度、对血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）受体的亲和力、病毒载量、繁殖数、疫苗有效性和疫苗突破情况。
