Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
Cognitive Ageing and Impairment Neurosciences Laboratory, Behaviour, Brain and Body Research Centre, Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2022;88(3):1157-1165. doi: 10.3233/JAD-220181.
The 24 h time-use composition of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep is linked to cognitive function in adults and may contribute to future dementia risk. However, the impact of reallocating time between behaviors may differ depending on an individual's genetic dementia risk.
To explore if there is an interaction between 24 h time-use composition and genetic dementia risk in relation to cognitive function, and to simulate how time-reallocations are associated with cognitive function across different levels of genetic dementia risk.
Cross-sectional global cognition, executive function, genetic dementia risk (at least one apolipoprotein (APOE) ɛ4 allele versus none) and 7 days of 24 h accelerometry (average daily time-use composition of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep) were collected from 82 adults (65.6±7.5 years, 49 females). Linear regression was used to explore the relationship between time-use composition and cognitive measures, testing for interaction between APOE ɛ4 status and time-use composition. The models were used to simulate time reallocations in both APOE ɛ4 status groups.
The 24 h time-use composition was associated with global cognition (F = 2.4, p = 0.02) and executive function (F = 2.6, p = 0.01). For both measures, the association differed according to genetic risk (interactions p < 0.001). In both APOE groups, reallocating time to MVPA was beneficially associated with measures of cognitive function, but associations were larger among those with at least one APOE ɛ4 allele.
Genetic dementia risk may impact the effectiveness of activity interventions. Increasing MVPA may provide greater benefits among those with higher genetic dementia risk.
体力活动、久坐行为和睡眠的 24 小时时间分配与成年人的认知功能有关，并且可能导致未来的痴呆风险。然而，根据个体的遗传痴呆风险，重新分配行为之间的时间可能会产生不同的影响。
探讨 24 小时时间分配与遗传痴呆风险之间是否存在相互作用与认知功能的关系，并模拟在不同遗传痴呆风险水平下，时间再分配与认知功能的关系。
从 82 名成年人（65.6±7.5 岁，49 名女性）中收集了横断面的总体认知、执行功能、遗传痴呆风险（至少有一个载脂蛋白 (APOE) ε4 等位基因与没有）和 7 天的 24 小时加速度计（中等到剧烈体力活动（MVPA）、低强度体力活动、久坐行为、睡眠的平均每日时间分配）。使用线性回归来探索时间分配与认知测量之间的关系，检验 APOE ε4 状态与时间分配之间的相互作用。该模型用于模拟在 APOE ε4 状态组中进行时间重新分配。
24 小时时间分配与总体认知（F=2.4，p=0.02）和执行功能（F=2.6，p=0.01）相关。对于这两个指标，关联根据遗传风险而有所不同（交互作用 p<0.001）。在两个 APOE 组中，将时间重新分配到 MVPA 与认知功能测量均呈有益相关，但在至少有一个 APOE ε4 等位基因的个体中，关联更大。
遗传痴呆风险可能会影响活动干预的效果。增加 MVPA 可能会为遗传痴呆风险较高的人带来更大的益处。
