College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310058, China; ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310058, China.
Food Res Int. 2022 Jul;157:111437. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111437. Epub 2022 May 28.
The anti-bacterial properties of lauric acid (LA) and its glycerides had been studied. However, their effects on gut microbiota remain unclear. Moreover, LA and its glycerides performed controversial influences on lipid metabolism. This study evaluated the regulation of LA, glycerol monolaurate (GML) and lauric triglyceride (GTL) on metabolic health and gut microbiota in high fat diet-fed mice. Serum metabolomics and lipidomics contributed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. LA and its glycerides ameliorated hyperlipidemia, while GML performed more pronounced modulation on glucose metabolism and inflammation. LA and its glycerides modulated gut microbiota with increased Bifidobacterium and decreased Desulfovibrio, which closely related with metabolic improvements. Furthermore, the integrative multi-omics analyses identified that the regulation of phospholipid metabolism, intestinal microbial metabolites (bile acids and indole derivatives) and endogenous unsaturated fatty acids synthesis conduced to the more evident modulation of GML. Our findings suggested an effective strategy of GML for improving metabolism and gut health.
月桂酸（LA）及其甘油酯的抗菌特性已经得到研究。然而，它们对肠道微生物群的影响尚不清楚。此外，LA 和其甘油酯对脂质代谢有争议的影响。本研究评估了 LA、甘油单月桂酸酯（GML）和月桂酸三酯（GTL）对高脂肪饮食喂养小鼠代谢健康和肠道微生物群的调节作用。血清代谢组学和脂质组学有助于阐明潜在机制。LA 和其甘油酯可改善高血脂，而 GML 对葡萄糖代谢和炎症的调节作用更为明显。LA 和其甘油酯通过增加双歧杆菌和减少脱硫弧菌来调节肠道微生物群，这与代谢改善密切相关。此外，综合多组学分析表明，磷脂代谢、肠道微生物代谢物（胆汁酸和吲哚衍生物）和内源性不饱和脂肪酸合成的调节导致 GML 的调节更为明显。我们的研究结果表明 GML 是改善代谢和肠道健康的有效策略。
