Pharmaceutical Department, Usl Umbria 1, Via XIV Settembre, 06132, Perugia, Italy.
Clinical Pathologist, Pathology Department, ASUR Marche, Area Vasta 1, Urbino, Italy.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2022 Oct;395(10):1159-1165. doi: 10.1007/s00210-022-02265-9. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
The global COVID-19 pandemic is underway. In recent weeks, several countries throughout the globe, and particularly in Europe, have experienced an exponential increase in the number of individuals infected with COVID-19, probably induced by a new variant of SARS-CoV-2, called the "Omicron variant." Mass vaccination against COVID-19 continues worldwide. Are authorized mRNA vaccines effective against the new Omicron variant? Recently, several pharmaceutical companies have developed oral antiviral pills against SARS-CoV-2, i.e., molnupiravir and paxlovid, that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 viral replication by acting on the RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV. In pre-registration clinical trials, molnupiravir and paxlovid have shown excellent clinical efficacy results, but what impact will these new oral antiviral agents have against pandemic COVID-19? In what specific clinical situations are they preferred over other antivirals such as remdesivir? In this brief review, we explore these important aspects.
全球 COVID-19 大流行正在进行中。最近几周，全球多个国家，特别是欧洲，感染 COVID-19 的人数呈指数级增长，可能是由一种称为“奥密克戎变异株”的 SARS-CoV-2 的新变体引起的。全球范围内仍在继续大规模接种 COVID-19 疫苗。已授权的 mRNA 疫苗对新的奥密克戎变异株有效吗？最近，几家制药公司已开发出针对 SARS-CoV-2 的口服抗病毒药物，即莫那比拉韦和帕昔洛韦，它们通过作用于 SARS-CoV 的 RNA 聚合酶来抑制 SARS-CoV-2 病毒复制。在预先登记的临床试验中，莫那比拉韦和帕昔洛韦显示出了极好的临床疗效结果，但这些新的口服抗病毒药物对大流行的 COVID-19 会产生什么影响？在哪些特定的临床情况下，它们比其他抗病毒药物（如瑞德西韦）更有优势？在这篇简要综述中，我们探讨了这些重要方面。
