Boudar Zakia, Sehli Sofia, El Janahi Sara, Al Idrissi Najib, Hamdi Salsabil, Dini Nouzha, Brim Hassan, Amzazi Saaïd, Nejjari Chakib, Lloyd-Puryear Michele, Ghazal Hassan
Department of Fundamental Sciences, School of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco.
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Jun 21;10:886627. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.886627. eCollection 2022.
Early infancy is critical for the development of an infant's gut flora. Many factors can influence microbiota development during the pre- and postnatal periods, including maternal factors, antibiotic exposure, mode of delivery, dietary patterns, and feeding type. Therefore, investigating the connection between these variables and host and microbiome interactions in neonatal development would be of great interest. As the "unculturable" era of microbiome research gives way to an intrinsically multidisciplinary field, microbiome research has reaped the advantages of technological advancements in next-generation sequencing, particularly 16S rRNA gene amplicon and shotgun sequencing, which have considerably expanded our knowledge about gut microbiota development during early life. Using omics approaches to explore the neonatal microbiome may help to better understand the link between the microbiome and newborn diseases. Herein, we summarized the metagenomics methods and tools used to advance knowledge on the neonatal microbiome origin and evolution and how the microbiome shapes early and late individuals' lives for health and disease. The way to overcome limitations in neonatal microbiome studies will be discussed.
婴儿早期对于婴儿肠道菌群的发育至关重要。许多因素会在产前和产后影响微生物群的发育，包括母体因素、抗生素暴露、分娩方式、饮食模式和喂养类型。因此，研究这些变量与新生儿发育过程中宿主和微生物组相互作用之间的联系将非常有趣。随着微生物组研究的“不可培养”时代让位于一个本质上多学科的领域，微生物组研究已经从下一代测序技术进步中获益，特别是16S rRNA基因扩增子和鸟枪法测序，这极大地扩展了我们对生命早期肠道微生物群发育的认识。使用组学方法探索新生儿微生物组可能有助于更好地理解微生物组与新生儿疾病之间的联系。在此，我们总结了用于推进对新生儿微生物组起源和进化的认识以及微生物组如何塑造个体早期和晚期健康与疾病生活的宏基因组学方法和工具。我们还将讨论克服新生儿微生物组研究局限性的方法。
