Nawaz Muhammad, Hassan Muhammad Umair, Chattha Muhammad Umer, Mahmood Athar, Shah Adnan Noor, Hashem Mohamed, Alamri Saad, Batool Maria, Rasheed Adnan, Thabit Maryam A, Alhaithloul Haifa A S, Qari Sameer H
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Punjab, Pakistan.
Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Dec;49(12):11255-11271. doi: 10.1007/s11033-022-07681-x. Epub 2022 Jul 8.
Salt stress is one of the leading threats to crop growth and productivity across the globe. Salt stress induces serious alterations in plant physiological, metabolic, biochemical functioning and it also disturbs antioxidant activities, cellular membranes, photosynthetic performance, nutrient uptake and plant water uptake and resulting in a significant reduction in growth and production. The application of osmoprotectants is considered as an important strategy to induce salt tolerance in plants. Trehalose (Tre) has emerged an excellent osmolyte to induce salinity tolerance and it got considerable attention in recent times. Under salinity stress, Tre helps to maintain the membrane integrity, and improves plant water relations, nutrient uptake and reduces the electrolyte leakage and lipid per-oxidation. Tre also improves gas exchange characteristics, protects the photosynthetic apparatus from salinity induced oxidative damages and brings ultra-structure changes in the plant body to induce salinity tolerance. Moreover, Tre also improves antioxidant activities and expression of stress responsive proteins and genes and confers salt tolerance in plants. Additionally, Tre is also involved in signaling association with signaling molecules and phytohormones and resultantly improved the plant performance under salt stress. Thus, it is interesting to understand the role of Tre in mediating the salinity tolerance in plants. Therefore, in this review we have summarized the different physiological and molecular roles of Tre to induce salt tolerance in plants. Moreover, we have also provided the information on Tre cross-talk with various osmolytes and hormones, and its role in stress responsive genes and antioxidant activities. Lastly, we also shed light on research gaps that need to be addressed in future studies. Therefore, this review will help the scientists to learn more about the Tre in changing climate conditions and it will also provide new insights to insights that could be used to develop salinity tolerance in plants.
盐胁迫是全球范围内作物生长和生产力面临的主要威胁之一。盐胁迫会导致植物生理、代谢、生化功能发生严重改变，还会干扰抗氧化活性、细胞膜、光合性能、养分吸收和植物水分吸收，从而导致生长和产量显著降低。施用渗透保护剂被认为是诱导植物耐盐性的重要策略。海藻糖（Tre）已成为一种诱导耐盐性的优良渗透剂，近年来受到了广泛关注。在盐胁迫下，海藻糖有助于维持膜的完整性，改善植物水分关系、养分吸收，减少电解质渗漏和脂质过氧化。海藻糖还能改善气体交换特性，保护光合器官免受盐胁迫诱导的氧化损伤，并使植物体内发生超微结构变化以诱导耐盐性。此外，海藻糖还能提高抗氧化活性以及应激反应蛋白和基因的表达，赋予植物耐盐性。此外，海藻糖还参与与信号分子和植物激素的信号关联，从而改善盐胁迫下的植物性能。因此，了解海藻糖在介导植物耐盐性中的作用很有意义。因此，在本综述中，我们总结了海藻糖在诱导植物耐盐性方面的不同生理和分子作用。此外，我们还提供了海藻糖与各种渗透剂和激素相互作用的信息，以及它在应激反应基因和抗氧化活性中的作用。最后，我们还阐明了未来研究中需要解决的研究空白。因此，本综述将帮助科学家更多地了解海藻糖在气候变化条件下的作用，也将为开发植物耐盐性提供新的见解。
