Foster A, Sommer A
Br J Ophthalmol. 1987 May;71(5):331-43. doi: 10.1136/bjo.71.5.331.
One hundred and thirty Tanzanian children with corneal ulceration were clinically examined to determine the cause of the ulceration. 37% of the ulcers were associated with recent measles infection and 38% of the children had bilateral ulceration. Herpes simplex virus infection was the commonest cause of ulceration in the series, but vitamin A deficiency was the major cause of bilateral ulceration, subsequent blindness, and mortality in this series. Other significant causes of childhood corneal ulceration were the use of traditional eye medicines, confluent measles keratitis, and ophthalmia neonatorum. We discuss the various mechanisms by which measles causes corneal ulceration, and the priorities in prevention and management of corneal ulceration in African children.
对130名患有角膜溃疡的坦桑尼亚儿童进行了临床检查，以确定溃疡的病因。37%的溃疡与近期麻疹感染有关，38%的儿童患有双侧溃疡。单纯疱疹病毒感染是该系列中溃疡最常见的病因，但维生素A缺乏是该系列中双侧溃疡、随后失明和死亡的主要原因。儿童角膜溃疡的其他重要病因包括使用传统眼药、融合性麻疹角膜炎和新生儿眼炎。我们讨论了麻疹导致角膜溃疡的各种机制，以及非洲儿童角膜溃疡预防和管理的重点。
