Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 27;19(13):7878. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19137878.
Anxiety and depression have been growing global mental health problems. The following studies explored the effect of interactive VR scenarios to find a low-cost and high-efficiency solution. Study 1 designed a 2 (anxiety and depression state) × 4 (interactive VR scenarios) experiment, the results of 20 participants showed that the designed scenarios had good restoration and presence, assisting to improve depression mood for people with mild to moderate anxiety and depression. Study 2 further investigated the intervention effects of two environment types (urban and park) and four interactive activities (automatic viewing, free-roaming, fishing, and watering plants in the park environment), based on data from a 10-minute experiment conducted by 195 participants with mild to moderate anxiety and depression. The subjective scales, EEG and EMG, and scenario experience were analyzed and the results showed that: (1) the restorative and present VR scenarios were beneficial in alleviating state anxiety and depression; (2) the restorative environment and presence were significantly and positively related to the reduction of anxiety and depression respectively, moreover, presence mediated the restorative environment on the recovery from anxiety and depression; (3) the environmental settings, the complexity of interaction, human factors, and maturity of VR devices and technology were also key factors that influenced the effects of interactive VR scenario experience and intervention. These studies revealed VR psychological intervention scenarios could be designed with comprehensive factors. Moreover, they might help pave the way for future study in exploring the physiology and psychology mode in virtual and real spaces, enhancing intervention effectiveness.
焦虑和抑郁是全球日益严重的心理健康问题。以下研究探讨了互动 VR 场景的效果，以期找到一种低成本、高效率的解决方案。研究 1 设计了一个 2（焦虑和抑郁状态）×4（互动 VR 场景）的实验，20 名参与者的结果表明，设计的场景具有良好的恢复力和存在感，有助于改善轻度至中度焦虑和抑郁人群的抑郁情绪。研究 2 进一步调查了两种环境类型（城市和公园）和四种互动活动（自动观看、自由漫游、钓鱼和在公园环境中浇水）对 195 名轻度至中度焦虑和抑郁患者进行的 10 分钟实验的干预效果。分析了主观量表、EEG 和 EMG 以及场景体验，结果表明：（1）恢复力和存在感强的 VR 场景有利于缓解状态焦虑和抑郁；（2）恢复力环境和存在感与焦虑和抑郁的减轻呈显著正相关，此外，存在感介导了恢复力环境对焦虑和抑郁的恢复作用；（3）环境设置、交互复杂性、人为因素以及 VR 设备和技术的成熟度也是影响互动 VR 场景体验和干预效果的关键因素。这些研究揭示了 VR 心理干预场景可以综合考虑多种因素进行设计，同时也为未来探索虚拟和真实空间中的生理和心理模式、提高干预效果铺平了道路。
