Federal State Budgetary Institution "Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks" of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia.
Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 4;19(13):8178. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19138178.
Geriatric syndromes (GSs) and aging-associated diseases (AADs) are common side effects of aging. They are affecting the lives of millions of older adults and placing immense pressure on healthcare systems and economies worldwide. It is imperative to study the factors causing these conditions and develop a holistic framework for their management. The so-called long-lived individuals-people over the age of 90 who managed to retain much of their health and functionality-could be holding the key to understanding these factors and their health implications. We analyzed the health status and lifestyle of the long-lived individuals and identified risk factors for GSs. Family history greatly contributes to the health and prevention of cognitive decline in older adults. Lifestyle and certain socioeconomic factors such as education, the age of starting to work and retiring, job type and income level, physical activity, and hobby were also associated with certain GSs. Moreover, the levels of total protein, albumin, alpha-1 globulins, high-density lipoprotein, free triiodothyronine, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were direct indicators of the current health status. The proposed mathematical model allows the prediction of successful aging based on family history, social and economic factors, and life-long physical activity (f1 score = 0.72, AUC = 0.68, precision = 0.83 and recall = 0.64).
老年综合征（GSs）和与衰老相关的疾病（AADs）是衰老的常见副作用。它们影响着数以百万计的老年人的生活，给全球的医疗保健系统和经济带来了巨大压力。研究导致这些疾病的因素并制定全面的管理框架至关重要。所谓的长寿个体——90 岁以上的人，他们保持了大部分健康和功能——可能是理解这些因素及其健康影响的关键。我们分析了长寿个体的健康状况和生活方式，并确定了 GSs 的风险因素。家族史对老年人的认知能力下降的健康和预防有很大影响。生活方式和某些社会经济因素，如教育程度、开始工作和退休的年龄、工作类型和收入水平、身体活动和爱好，也与某些 GSs 有关。此外，总蛋白、白蛋白、α-1 球蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸和 25-羟维生素 D 的水平是当前健康状况的直接指标。所提出的数学模型允许根据家族史、社会经济因素和终身体力活动来预测成功的衰老（f1 得分为 0.72，AUC 为 0.68，精度为 0.83，召回率为 0.64）。
