Mani Vasudevan, Arfeen Minhajul, Mohammed Hamdoon A, Elsisi Hossam A, Sajid Sultan, Almogbel Yasser, Aldubayan Maha, Dhanasekaran Muralikrishnan, Alhowail Ahmad
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Pharm J. 2022 Jun;30(6):750-763. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.03.016. Epub 2022 Mar 29.
Cognitive decline is one of the serious complications associated with diabetes mellitus (T2DM) of type-2. In this reported work, the effect of aqueous sukkari dates seed extract (ASSE) was evaluated in T2DM-induced rats. T2DM was induced using intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide and streptozocin (STZ) administration. The diabetic rats were then treated orally with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of dates seed extract for 30 days and results were compared with metformin-treated groups. The memory functions were assessed using three maze models. Glucose and insulin levels in the blood and acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase brain homogenates were estimated. The results showed a significant reduction in transfer latency (TL) ( < 0.001) during the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. The novel object recognition (NOR) test revealed a longer exploration time ( > 0.05) with novel objects and a higher discrimination index ( > 0.05). The Y-maze test also showed a significant increase in the number of entries to the novel arm ( > 0.05) and the total number of entries in the trial ( > 0.01) as well as in test ( > 0.05) sessions. Reduction in blood glucose ( > 0.05) and improvement in blood insulin ( > 0.05) levels were also noted. Improvement in ACh levels ( > 0.001) with 400 mg/kg of ASSE and reduction in AChE ( > 0.001) with both doses of ASSE were also observed in the brain homogenates. The results of ASSE were found comparable with the metformin-treated rats. The estimation of phytochemical constituents displayed a significant presence of phenolic content. Further, molecular modeling studies showed ellagic acid, catechin, and epicatechin as the potential molecule interacting with GSK-3β, α-amylase, and AChE and may be responsible for observed bioactivity. In conclusion, ASSE has the ability to alleviate T2DM-related cognitive impairments.
认知功能衰退是2型糖尿病（T2DM）的严重并发症之一。在本报告的研究中，评估了椰枣种子水提取物（ASSE）对T2DM诱导大鼠的影响。通过腹腔注射烟酰胺和链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导T2DM。然后，给糖尿病大鼠口服200mg/kg和400mg/kg的枣籽提取物，持续30天，并将结果与二甲双胍治疗组进行比较。使用三种迷宫模型评估记忆功能。检测血液中的葡萄糖和胰岛素水平以及脑匀浆中的乙酰胆碱、乙酰胆碱酯酶。结果显示，在高架十字迷宫（EPM）试验中，转移潜伏期（TL）显著缩短（<0.001）。新物体识别（NOR）试验显示，对新物体的探索时间更长（>0.05），辨别指数更高（>0.05）。Y迷宫试验还显示，进入新臂的次数（>0.05）、试验中的总进入次数（>0.01）以及测试（>0.05）阶段均显著增加。还注意到血糖降低（>0.05）和血液胰岛素水平改善（>0.05）。在脑匀浆中也观察到，400mg/kg的ASSE使乙酰胆碱水平升高（>0.001），两种剂量的ASSE均使乙酰胆碱酯酶降低（>0.001）。发现ASSE的结果与二甲双胍治疗的大鼠相当。植物化学成分分析显示酚类含量显著。此外，分子模拟研究表明，鞣花酸、儿茶素和表儿茶素是与糖原合成酶激酶-3β、α-淀粉酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶相互作用的潜在分子，可能是观察到的生物活性的原因。总之，ASSE有能力减轻T2DM相关的认知障碍。
