Parascandola Mark, Neta Gila, Bloch Michele, Gopal Satish
Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Office of the Director, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
J Smok Cessat. 2022 Jun 17;2022:6835146. doi: 10.1155/2022/6835146. eCollection 2022.
Tobacco use is a leading cause of cancer death among people living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide, and smoking prevalence tends to be higher among PLWH. The burden of both HIV/AIDS and tobacco use is increasingly concentrated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where resources to address these challenges are often limited. However, there has been limited effort to date to integrate tobacco cessation into HIV programs in LMICs.
We searched the literature (searching was conducted between October 1 and December 31, 2020) using PubMed including search terms "tobacco" and "HIV" and "cessation" over the past ten years (searching for articles published between December 1, 2010, and December 1, 2020) to identify original research studies on tobacco cessation interventions conducted in LMICs for PLWH. We also conducted an analysis of NCI-funded research grants on tobacco cessation and HIV awarded during fiscal years 2010 to 2020. . Existing evidence suggests that conventional tobacco cessation treatments may be less effective among PLWH. Moreover, while substantial evidence exists to support a range of cessation interventions, most of this evidence comes from HICs and is only partly applicable to the evolving social, economic, and cultural climate of many LMICs. There is an urgent need to develop, adapt, and implement effective tobacco control and cessation interventions targeted to PLWH in LMICs, as well as to generate evidence from these settings. Implementation science provides tools develop and test strategies to overcome barriers and to integrate and scale up cessation services within existing HIV treatment settings.
There is a unique opportunity to address HIV and tobacco use in a coordinated way in LMICs by integrating evidence-based tobacco cessation into HIV programs.
在全球范围内，烟草使用是导致感染艾滋病毒者（PLWH）癌症死亡的主要原因，而且PLWH中的吸烟率往往更高。艾滋病毒/艾滋病和烟草使用的负担日益集中在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs），而应对这些挑战的资源往往有限。然而，迄今为止，在LMICs将戒烟纳入艾滋病毒项目的努力有限。
我们检索了文献（检索于2020年10月1日至12月31日进行），使用PubMed，在过去十年（检索2010年12月1日至2020年12月1日发表的文章）中搜索包括“烟草”、“艾滋病毒”和“戒烟”等检索词，以确定在LMICs针对PLWH开展的戒烟干预的原始研究。我们还对2010财年至2020财年期间美国国立癌症研究所资助的关于戒烟和艾滋病毒的研究拨款进行了分析。现有证据表明，传统的戒烟治疗在PLWH中可能效果较差。此外，虽然有大量证据支持一系列戒烟干预措施，但这些证据大多来自高收入国家（HICs），仅部分适用于许多LMICs不断变化的社会、经济和文化环境。迫切需要针对LMICs的PLWH制定、调整和实施有效的烟草控制和戒烟干预措施，并从这些环境中获取证据。实施科学提供了开发和测试策略的工具，以克服障碍，并在现有的艾滋病毒治疗环境中整合和扩大戒烟服务。
通过将循证戒烟纳入艾滋病毒项目，在LMICs以协调的方式应对艾滋病毒和烟草使用存在独特的机会。
