Ha Yeonjeong, Kim Ijung
Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04066 Republic of Korea.
Biochip J. 2022;16(4):351-365. doi: 10.1007/s13206-022-00064-1. Epub 2022 Jul 5.
During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the development of point-of-care (POC) detection with high sensitivity and rapid detection time is urgently needed to prevent transmission of infectious diseases. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been considered attractive materials for enhancing sensitivity and reducing the detection time of conventional immunoassays due to their unique properties including magnetic behavior, high surface area, excellent stability, and easy biocompatibility. In addition, detecting target analytes through color development is necessary for user-friendly POC detection. In this review, recent advances in different types of MNPs-based immunoassays such as improvement of the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoassays based on the peroxidase-like activity of MNPs and based on the dually labeled MNPs, filtration method, and lateral-flow immunoassay are described and we analyze the advantages and strategies of each method. Furthermore, immunoassays incorporating MNPs for COVID-19 diagnosis through color development are also introduced, demonstrating that MNPs can become common tools for on-site diagnosis.
在持续的新冠疫情期间，迫切需要开发出具有高灵敏度和快速检测时间的即时检测（POC）方法，以防止传染病传播。磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）因其独特性质，包括磁行为、高表面积、出色稳定性和易于生物相容性，被认为是增强传统免疫测定灵敏度和缩短检测时间的有吸引力的材料。此外，对于用户友好的即时检测而言，通过显色检测目标分析物是必要的。在本综述中，描述了不同类型基于磁性纳米颗粒的免疫测定的最新进展，如传统酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）的改进、基于磁性纳米颗粒过氧化物酶样活性的免疫测定、基于双标记磁性纳米颗粒的免疫测定、过滤法和侧向流动免疫测定，并分析了每种方法的优点和策略。此外，还介绍了通过显色将磁性纳米颗粒用于新冠诊断的免疫测定，表明磁性纳米颗粒可成为现场诊断的常用工具。
