Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2019 Feb;39(1):50-66. doi: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1496063. Epub 2018 Sep 9.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a popular detection technique for the screening and diagnosis of diseases. The sensitivity of ELISA can be increased by the incorporation of nanoparticles. Through this article, we discuss the utilization of nanoparticles in ELISA. Nanoparticles possess an intrinsic biological peroxidase-like activity which allows it to act as an enzyme mimic for the development of an improved analysis method. Different nanoparticles (gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, etc.) carry different peroxidase-mimic characteristics. Besides this, nanoparticles can also perform as a colorimetric substrate in ELISA where it gives a more prominent color change compared to the commonly used colorimetric substrate TMB. This article also focuses on the mechanisms behind this color change including aggregation, nanoparticle growth, seeding, and etching.
酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）是一种用于疾病筛查和诊断的常用检测技术。通过加入纳米粒子可以提高 ELISA 的灵敏度。本文讨论了纳米粒子在 ELISA 中的应用。纳米粒子具有内在的生物过氧化物酶样活性，可以作为酶模拟物，用于开发改进的分析方法。不同的纳米粒子（金纳米粒子、银纳米粒子等）具有不同的过氧化物酶模拟特性。此外，纳米粒子还可以作为 ELISA 中的比色底物，与常用的比色底物 TMB 相比，它会产生更明显的颜色变化。本文还重点介绍了这种颜色变化背后的机制，包括聚集、纳米粒子生长、成核和刻蚀。
