Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China.
National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2023 Jun 5;136(11):1261-1277. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002212.
In the last decade, it has become increasingly recognized that a balanced gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining the health of the host. Numerous clinical and preclinical studies have shown that changes in gut microbiota composition are associated with a variety of neurological diseases, e.g., Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and myasthenia gravis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are complex and remain unclear. Behavioral phenotypes can be transmitted from humans to animals through gut microbiota transplantation, indicating that the gut microbiota may be an important regulator of neurological diseases. However, further research is required to determine whether animal-based findings can be extended to humans and to elucidate the relevant potential mechanisms by which the gut microbiota regulates neurological diseases. Such investigations may aid in the development of new microbiota-based strategies for diagnosis and treatment and improve the clinical management of neurological disorders. In this review, we describe the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and the corresponding mechanisms in common neurological diseases, and discuss the potential roles that the intestinal microbiome may play in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders.
在过去的十年中，人们越来越认识到，平衡的肠道微生物群在维持宿主健康方面起着重要作用。大量的临床前和临床研究表明，肠道微生物群组成的变化与多种神经疾病有关，例如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病和重症肌无力。然而，潜在的分子机制很复杂，目前仍不清楚。行为表型可以通过肠道微生物群移植从人类传递给动物，这表明肠道微生物群可能是神经疾病的重要调节剂。然而，需要进一步的研究来确定基于动物的发现是否可以扩展到人类，并阐明肠道微生物群调节神经疾病的相关潜在机制。这些研究可能有助于开发基于微生物群的新策略来进行诊断和治疗，并改善神经障碍的临床管理。在这篇综述中，我们描述了常见神经疾病中肠道微生物群的失调及其相应的机制，并讨论了肠道微生物组在神经疾病的诊断和治疗中可能发挥的作用。
