Mohammed Heba Abdel Latif, El Shakaa Nagwa M, Bahaa Nevine, Zeid Asmaa A Abo
Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2021 Sep 8;10(2):72-80. doi: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_114_20. eCollection 2022 Apr-Jun.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are considered the most frequently utilized NPs, so the potential for human exposure has increased tremendously. Hence, the study is aimed to compare the histopathological effects of high and low doses of ZnO NPs administered intranasally or intravenously on lung tissue of adult rat's male albino.
Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into Group I; control group, Group II (intranasal administered group) was subdivided into Subgroup IIA and IIB, in which the animals were injected with 4 and 30 mg/kg of ZnO NPs, respectively. Group III (intravenous administered group) was subdivided into two subgroups with the same doses as Group II. Blood samples were collected after 24 h for estimating serum level of lactate dehydrogenase. Rat lungs were processed for histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis.
ZnO NPs caused thickening of interalveolar septa. Extravasated red blood cells were noticed in the alveolar lumen and in some bronchioles. Many dilated blood vessels exhibited focal disruption and focal thickening of their wall. Collagenous fibers were deposited in the interalveolar septa and the walls of bronchi. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha immune reactivity was significantly increased. These findings increased on dose increase, mainly in the intranasal administered group when compared with the intravenous group.
ZnO NPs administration caused toxic effects on the histological structure of albino rat lung. These effects were route and dose-dependent, being more obvious after intranasal administration.
氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）被认为是使用最为频繁的纳米颗粒，因此人类接触其的可能性大幅增加。因此，本研究旨在比较经鼻内或静脉内给予高剂量和低剂量ZnO NPs对成年雄性白化大鼠肺组织的组织病理学影响。
将35只雄性Wistar大鼠分为I组（对照组）；II组（经鼻内给药组）再细分为IIA和IIB亚组，分别向动物注射4和30 mg/kg的ZnO NPs。III组（静脉内给药组）以与II组相同的剂量细分为两个亚组。24小时后采集血样以评估血清乳酸脱氢酶水平。对大鼠肺组织进行组织学、免疫组织化学和超微结构分析。
ZnO NPs导致肺泡间隔增厚。在肺泡腔和一些细支气管中发现有红细胞外渗。许多扩张的血管出现局灶性破裂和管壁局灶性增厚。胶原纤维沉积于肺泡间隔和支气管壁。肿瘤坏死因子-α免疫反应性显著增加。这些发现随剂量增加而增多，与静脉内给药组相比，主要在经鼻内给药组中更为明显。
给予ZnO NPs对白化大鼠肺的组织结构产生毒性作用。这些作用具有给药途径和剂量依赖性，经鼻内给药后更为明显。
